Unsal Yılmaz

1. Introduction Culture is composed of material and immaterial elements that a nation has learnt, imitated, or invented since the first day it appeared on the stage of history. According to Malinowski, culture is composed of many human and spiritual things, and the ways in which human beings fulfil their basic or physical needs are the main elements that affect culture (Malinowski 2016, pp. 41–42).

1. Introduction Within the rich tradition of Turkish oral poetry, âşıks1 emerge as artists endowed with exceptional talents, weaving improvised poems with skillful ease. Inspired by a given rhyme, they swiftly craft new verses, often accompanying their recitations with the melodious strains of a saz. The saz, which is a stringed musical instrument, is made of wood and played with a plectrum. It has a fretted handle known as a trough attached to the body.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT The lead author* affirms that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained. *The manuscript's guarantor.