Kaempferol Attenuates Oxidative Stress‐Induced Injury in Gastric Mucosal Cells by Activating Nrf2/GPX4 Axis to Inhibit Ferroptosis

1 Introduction Gastric ulcers are frequently occurring gastrointestinal disorders resulting from damage to the gastric mucosal barrier, which allows gastric acid and enzymes to erode the stomach wall. Normally, mucus and bicarbonate secretion protect the mucosa, but factors such as H. pylori infection, intake of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and unhealthy diet—can disrupt this defense, resulting in gastritis or peptic ulcer [1].