As quantum and analog neuromorphic systems move closer to commercialization, new architectures continue to expand the definition of what computing can be. “Usually, at CEA-Leti, research teams plan five years ahead, but in this case, it’s more like 10 years,” Éléonore Hardy, silicon photonics partnership manager at CEA-Leti, told EE Times Europe at the Silicon Photonics Workshop co-organized by CEA-Leti and Soitec alongside ECOC 2025 in Copenhagen, Denmark.