EurekAlert!

image: 3d composite of Nasa open source images being built on to a wiremesh frame that is a representative form of Earth, with clouds. view more While the world watches the Pacific for signs of a possible "Super El Niño," new research suggests another tropical ocean may hold important clues to future climate extremes.

image: Fig. 1. Conceptual framework of artificial intelligence (AI) -driven transformation in traditional Chinese medicine research.

image: These brain maps show infant (left) and adult (right) brain activity for differentiating speech sound location from noise. Red indicates  noise more activity, and blue indicates less activity. view more In noisy environments, organisms differentiate sounds they want to detect from interfering noise to improve their perception of target sounds. This process is widely conserved across species, including birds, crocodiles, ferrets, and human adults.

image: Holgate Glacier calves near Seward, Alaska. view more Melting and breaking icebergs in the far-off, northeastern region of the Pacific Ocean can weaken a massive current system in the Atlantic Ocean, according to a University of California, Davis study published in Nature Communications. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, or AMOC, regulates the global climate by acting as a massive conveyor belt, moving warm, salty water from the tropics to the North Atlantic.

image: Number of drought-related news articles, counts of negative and positive news articles, and water-saving rates in the metropolitan and rural areas. view more As climate change increases the risk of severe droughts, water resources management is an urgent challenge. Drought develops slowly, which makes the public aware of the ongoing drought. Governments rely on the media to communicate drought risks and encourage water conservation.

The NF‑κB family is a master regulator of innate and adaptive immunity. Its aberrant activation—via canonical or non‑canonical pathways—drives chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, allergies, and primary immunodeficiencies/autoinflammatory syndromes. This review synthesizes the molecular architecture, ubiquitin‑based relay systems, and dynamic regulation of NF‑κB, highlighting its dual pathways, roles in immune responses, cell survival, and development.

image: Port Hueneme Pier, Ventura. view more Key takeaways: Despite the promise of the California Coastal Act, deep structural barriers continue to limit access to the state's beaches and other coastal areas, preventing marginalized communities from obtaining the physical, economic, and emotional benefits of the ocean.

A treatment for psoriasis that blocks inflammation before it starts is the focus of a new research project from Murdoch University. Professor Sulev Koks from the Personalised Medicine Centre has been awarded a National Psoriasis Foundation  Translational Research Grant to progress development of a ‘gene patch’ for the debilitating condition. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the skin and sometimes the joints. It impacts around 2.5% of the population.

Synucleinopathies, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy (MSA), are a group of neurodegenerative diseases characterized by the oligomerization of α-synuclein protein in neurons or glial cells. Various splicing isoforms of α-synuclein have been described, each with different aggregation properties.

image: Dr Juliani, first author the Nature Cell Death & Disease paper Impact of BECLIN1 haploinsufficiency on goblet cell function and susceptibility to colitis view more GLOBAL: Australian researchers have discovered that even a modest reduction in the protein BECLIN1 leads to a significant increase in inflammation in the gut, leading to further disease and complications over time. A healthy intestine relies on a protective barrier that separates the body from the contents of the gut.