Global Health Journal

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) are the most common maternal complications during pregnancy, which are also known as cardiometabolic pregnancy complications, affecting up to 11.7-30.2% and 5.2-8.2% of pregnancies, respectively [1,2]. Given the overlapping physiological mechanisms, GDM and HDPs can sometimes co-occur.

Contraception is a key component of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) and plays a critical role in reducing maternal and infant mortality, preventing unintended pregnancies, encouraging gender equality, and socioeconomic development [1,2]. A wide range of contraception methods exist, ranging from natural ones (e.g. periodic abstinence, lactational amenorrhea, and withdrawal) to more effective, modern alternatives [...]

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder in children, characterised by core symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity that are incongruent with the individual's developmental level, both in terms of physical and cognitive growth [1]. Approximately 5% of children worldwide are affected by ADHD, with the prevalence showing an increasing trend [2].

Child development involves the advancement of competencies in cognitive, social, emotional, motor, and language domains, among others [1]. These domains are cornerstones of human health and well-being, yet millions globally fail to reach their full developmental potential, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). It is estimated that over 250 million children under five years [...]

Autoimmune diseases include a wide range of disorders characterised by chronic inflammation and tissue and organ damage, which arise from the response to self-antigens [1], an immune-mediated attack on the body's own organs [2]. Both the pathogenesis and the clinical manifestations of autoimmune diseases are diverse; a complex interaction between genetic variation and environmental factors, [...]

The 31st Canadian Conference on Global Health (CCGH) was held from 24 to 28 October 2025 at the Halifax Convention Centre in Halifax, Nova Scotia, also known as Mi'kma'ki, the ancestral and unceded territory of the Mi'kmaq People. The conference was offered in hybrid format (in-person and online) with bilingual delivery (English and French).

Neurosurgical care requires highly specialised expertise, advanced diagnostic imaging, and robust infrastructure, making it one of the most resource-intensive medical fields. Globally, an estimated five million essential neurosurgical cases go unmet each year, disproportionately affecting lower-resource settings [1]. In Central Asia, particularly in Kazakhstan - an upper-middle-income country with the world's ninth-largest land area - [...]

Adolescents remain vulnerable in a world of rapid globalisation and digital transitions. The second Lancet Commission on adolescent health and well-being indicates that by 2030, at least 50% of the world's adolescents will live in multi-burden countries where they face multiple, overlapping health burdens, with adolescents in all countries increasingly affected by emerging challenges such [...]

Recent global estimates suggest 13.4 million livebirths were preterm (<37 completed weeks) and 23.4 million were small for gestational age (SGA) in 2020, while a substantial share were also low birth weight (LBW) [1]. To improve birth outcomes, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends daily supplementation during pregnancy with iron-containing supplements in the form of [...]

In his seminal work 'The great escape: health, wealth, and the origins of inequality', Angus Deaton demonstrated how economic development in a country moving from poverty to a high-income economy positively impacted health and life expectancy [1]. Countries are classified in various income categories in a standardized manner by the World Bank [2].