PeerJ

Abdirahman Hussein Elmi conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the article, and approved the final draft. Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the article, and approved the final draft.

SHMT2 (serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2) is a pivotal enzyme in cellular metabolism and is closely associated with the initiation and progression of malignant tumors, garnering significant attention in cancer research and therapy. Aberrant expression of SHMT2 has been observed in various cancers, correlating with tumor aggressiveness and patient prognosis.

Nuri Başusta conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, authored or reviewed drafts of the article, and approved the final draft. Loriane Mendez conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, prepared figures and/or tables, authored or reviewed drafts of the article, and approved the final draft.

The study of student behavior in the classroom is a crucial focus of research in intelligent education systems. Automated behavior recognition systems can help educators in digitally centred learning environments by monitoring engagement, teaching, and providing needed interventions. Recent research has developed reliable and lightweight models for behavior recognition in highly dynamic classroom environments, illustrating the potential and challenges in this area. Feng et al.

August 18, 2026 Read the peer review reports 1Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 2Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy 3COIIM—Interuniversitary Consortium for Engineering and Medicine, Campobasso, Italy 4Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 5School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy...

Dirichlet-weighted composite data synthesis for robust transfer learning in high-speed railway bearing fault diagnosis 1School of Opto-Electronic and Communication Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen, China 2Xiamen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Scene Technology in Industrial Metaverse, Xiamen Intretech Inc., Xiamen, China DOI 10.7717/peerj-cs.4075 Academic Editor Luigi Di Biasi Subject Areas Human-Computer Interaction, Algorithms and Analysis of Algorithms, Data Mining and...

Water is a fundamental resource essential to sustaining ecological balance, human health, and economic development, and is a critical component of agricultural, industrial, and domestic activities worldwide. Rapid global population growth, urbanization, and industrial expansion have significantly intensified global water demand, leading to increased environmental pollution and deterioration of aquatic ecosystems.

Under semi-arid conditions, temperature appeared to exert a stronger influence on black cumin yield than rainfall. Although rainfall during the late sowing period in 2022 was higher than in 2021, both seed yield and precipitation use efficiency (PUE) tended to decline, suggesting that additional water availability was insufficient to offset the effects of elevated temperatures during the reproductive stage.

Cloud computing is a dominant paradigm for scalable, cost-effective data storage (Li et al., 2015; Saravanan & Umamakeswari, 2021), yet outsourcing sensitive data to third-party Cloud Service Providers (CSPs) introduces critical security and access control challenges (Khalid et al., 2023; Younis, Kifayat & Merabti, 2014). Ensuring confidentiality and integrity is essential to prevent unauthorized access and privacy violations (Yang, Luo & Wang, 2024; Parast et al., 2022).

Poem meter classification of spoken Arabic poetry: integrating high-resource systems for a low-resource task 1SDAIA-KFUPM JRCAI, King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia 2King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia 3Information and Computer Science, King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia 4Islamic & Arabic Studies Department, King Fahad University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia DOI...