When the DfE committed £23m to bring AI tutoring to up to 450,000 disadvantaged pupils by 2027, the criticism came quickly and from several directions. But two debates are being treated as one. The first is about AI tutoring as a category: what it is, what works, and what doesn’t. The second is about the DfE pilot specifically: whether this is the right intervention, for the right pupils, delivered in the right way. Both debates are worth having.