Research ArticleNew Research, Disorders of the Nervous System Philip Vassilev, Riccardo Avvisati, Eisuke Koya and Aldo Badiani eNeuro 14 January 2020, 7 (1) ENEURO.0394-19.2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1523/ENEURO.0394-19.2019 Abstract Despite the still prevailing notion of a shared substrate of action for all addictive drugs, there is evidence suggesting that opioid and psychostimulant drugs differ substantially in terms of their neurobiological and behavioral effects.