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Articles by Allison Lach
Most Nuclear Ban Treaty Proponents are Lagging in Implementing Sound Export Control Legislation
Using data compiled from a new index by our Institute, the Peddling Peril Index, which we will soon release, three quarters of the countries that voted in July 2017 in favor of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons lack adequate export control legislation. These countries lack a firm basis to control the export or retransfer of nuclear and nuclear-related commodities that are critical to the production and possession of nuclear weapons.
52 Countries Involved in Violating UNSC Resolutions on North Korea throughout most of 2017
The failures of countries to act, or their willful complicity in North Korean schemes, account for a tally of 52 states found by the Institute in this report to be engaging in United Nations Security Council (UNSC) sanctions violations from the period January to September 2017.1 North Korea continues to operate extensive illicit trade and financial networks around the world.
Potential Nuclear Weapons-Related Military Area in Baluchistan, Pakistan
Pakistan has constructed a hardened, secure, underground complex in Baluchistan Province that could serve as a ballistic missile and nuclear warhead storage site (see figures 1 and 2).
Sudan/Russian Nuclear Power Cooperation Poses Proliferation Risks
Reuters reported on March 13, 2018 that Russia has agreed to sign a “roadmap” with Sudan on building nuclear power stations.1 However, Sudan has poor export controls, no adherence to nuclear power safety or nuclear terrorism conventions, and weak safeguards standards. Its neighbors also maintain poor implementation of these preventions against nuclear material and commodity theft or diversion. Russia should not build nuclear reactors in Sudan.
September 2016: Monitoring Activities at the Yongbyon Nuclear Site
Commercial satellite imagery from July and August 2016 shows continued activity at the Yongbyon nuclear site, a major site for plutonium and weapon-grade uranium production for nuclear weapons. A recurring mystery is the operational status of the 5 megawatt-electric (MWe) reactor and the amount of plutonium produced there. Recent imagery suggests that its operation remains limited. In addition, a question is when the experimental light water reactor (LWR) will start.
On-Going Monitoring of Activities at the Yongbyon Nuclear Site
Recent commercial satellite imagery shows that the Yongbyon 5 megawatt-electric (MWe) reactor remains operational. It is unknown if North Korea recently discharged and refueled this reactor or will do so soon.
Correlating a Country’s Economic Output with its Level of Export Controls
The Peddling Peril Index (PPI) for 2017 is a strategic export control ranking of 200 countries, territories, and entities produced by the Institute.1 It evaluates states as to the effectiveness of their strategic export control systems. In this report, we evaluate the countries ranked in the PPI according to their Volume of Exports and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), both absolute and per capita2.
Peddling Peril Index (PPI) for 2017
The Institute for Science and International Security is pleased to announce the release of the Peddling Peril Index for 2017. The PPI is a ranking of 200 countries, territories, and entities according to their capabilities and demonstrated success in implementing strategic export controls, with a focus on efforts to prevent nuclear and other strategic commodity trafficking. It is the first-ever publicly available ranking of export control systems and perhaps the only such ranking in existence.
North Korea’s Lithium 6 Production for Nuclear Weapons
Available information strongly indicates that North Korea has built and is operating a lithium 6 production plant that is part of its nuclear weapons effort. The plant is suspected to be located at the Hungnam Chemical Complex near Hamhung on North Korea’s east coast. Lithium 6 is a critical raw material needed for the production of single-stage thermonuclear and boosted fission weapons.
Is the facility at Qusayr, Syria an underground nuclear facility?
Lede and Commentary The Institute decided to revisit a series of claims made in a 2015 Der Spiegel report regarding the Qusayr site in Syria, including that the site could be the location of an underground nuclear reactor or uranium enrichment facility, or could contain nuclear fuel from Syria’s destroyed Al Kibar nuclear reactor.1 Based on commercial satellite imagery, none of these claims could be confirmed, and the purpose of the site remains unknown.
Commercial Satellite Imagery Analysis for Countering Nuclear Proliferation
An article in the Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences Abstract High-resolution commercial satellite imagery from a growing number of private satellite companies allows nongovernmental analysts to better understand secret or opaque nuclear programs of countries in unstable or tense regions, called proliferant states. They include North Korea, Iran, India, Pakistan, and Israel.
Potential Nuclear Weapons-Related Military Area in Baluchistan, Pakistan
Pakistan has constructed a hardened, secure, underground complex in Baluchistan Province that could serve as a ballistic missile and nuclear warhead storage site (see figures 1 and 2). The underground complex is near a possible ballistic missile base, first identified in 2016 by Hans Kristensen of the Federation of American Scientists (FAS).1 The hardened underground complex has three distinct entrances and a separate support area.
North Korea’s Lithium 6 Production for Nuclear Weapons | Institute for Science and International Security
Available information strongly indicates that North Korea has built and is operating a lithium 6 production plant that is part of its nuclear weapons effort. The plant is suspected to be located at the Hungnam Chemical Complex near Hamhung on North Korea’s east coast. Lithium 6 is a critical raw material needed for the production of single-stage thermonuclear and boosted fission weapons.
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