Abstract 1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionised the process of identifying species and individuals in audio recordings and camera trap images. However, despite developments in sensor technology, machine learning, and statistical methods, a general AI-assisted data-to-inference pipeline has yet to emerge. 2. We argue that this is, in part, due to a lack of clarity around several decisions in existing workflows, including: the choice of classifier used (e.g., semi- vs.
