In the Λ cold dark matter cosmological model of our Universe, approximately 83 per cent of the total mass density of the Universe consists of dark matter (DM), a massive particle species that primarily interacts with baryonic matter through gravitational interactions (Garrett & Dūda 2011). The hierarchical gravitational formation of structure in this cosmological model results in galaxies contained in more massive DM haloes. These DM haloes are thus often traced by stellar populations.
