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Articles by Audrey Breitwieser
Eight economic facts on higher education
Higher education provides extensive benefits to students, including higher wages, better health, and a lower likelihood of requiring disability payments (Oreopoulos and Petronijevic 2013). A population that is more highly educated also confers wide-ranging benefits to the economy, such as lower rates of unemployment (Greenstone and Looney 2011) and higher wages even for workers without college degrees (Moretti 2004).
The recent rebound in prime-age labor force participation
Over the last three years, amid a strengthening labor market, the prime-age (25- to 54-year-old) labor force participation rate has increased. The participation rate, 82.0 percent as of June 2018, is now close to recovering entirely from its cyclical downturn following the Great Recession. This comes after a decades-long decline in male prime-age participation and a 15-year slide in female prime-age participation.
Where work pays: How does where you live matter for your earnings?
Editor's Note: An interactive tool accompanies this economic analysis, allowing users to see the distribution of annual earnings across the United States for a given occupation and age group, adjusting for cost of living and taxes. Educational and occupational choices matter for your earnings, but where you work matters, too. Employment opportunities and wages in some occupations vary substantially from state to state, county to county, and city to city.
The state of competition and dynamism: Facts about concentration, start-ups, and related policies
Read the full introduction An enduring narrative about the U.S. economy, along with rugged individualism and the opportunity to rise from rags to riches, is that it is a dynamic market where new ideas can thrive and new businesses can reshape the economic landscape. Competition is the basis of a market economy. It forces businesses to innovate to stay ahead of other firms, to keep prices as low as they can to attract customers, and to pay sufficient wages to avoid losing workers to other firms.
Could Increasing Market Power Among Firms be Hurting Workers' Wages?
New research provides compelling (albeit early stage) evidence that higher labor market concentration is associated with significantly lower posted wages for new jobs. This has implications for merger and antitrust policy, and for the significance of no-poaching agreements in reducing labor market competition. To date, no court has ever condemned a merger because of its anticompetitive effects in labor markets.
What Happened to U.S. Women's Increasing Participation in the Labor Force? | Econofact
University of Texas at Austin, The Brookings Institution and Northwestern University The causes behind the decline in women’s labor force participation are not well understood. The fact that women’s labor force participation is now trending in parallel to men’s suggests that perhaps women are responding to many of the same broader economic forces as men.
Who is poor in the United States? A Hamilton Project annual report
Who are the millions of people living in poverty in the United States? In 2016, 40.6 million people, or 12.7 percent of the population, lived in poverty, as defined by the official poverty measure. 6 million fewer people were living in poverty in 2016 than at the peak of 46.7 million in 2014. The official poverty measure is determined by a household’s pre-tax income; for example, in 2016, a family of four earning less than $24,339 would be considered poor.
These Two Charts Show What's Good (and Bad) About the U.S. Economy
Since 2010, the Hamilton Project at the Brookings Institution has been calculating and tracking something they call the "jobs gap," which is the number of jobs the economy still needs in order to return to the national employment rate the country had before 2008, after accounting for demographic factors.
Aligning Federal Coal Leasing and U.S. Climate Policy | Brookings Institution
Nearly half of coal produced in the United States is mined from federal government lands. The federal government therefore has an unusual degree of control over the domestic production and consumption of this fossil fuel. Given that the use of federal coal generates 13 percent of U.S. energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, federal coal policy also has important climate change implications.
Twelve facts about incarceration and prisoner reentry
Over the past several decades the national experience of crime and incarceration has fluctuated dramatically. Crime rose between the 1960s and 1980s, but has declined since 1990. Incarceration began rising sharply in the 1980s and peaked in the 2000s before starting to fall. The high rates of incarceration over the last three-and-a-half decades have resulted in a large population of formerly incarcerated individuals across the United States.
Labor force dynamics in the Great Recession and its aftermath: Implications for older workers
Unlike prime-age Americans, who have experienced declines in employment and labor force participation since the onset of the Great Recession, Americans past 60 have seen their employment and labor force participation rates increase.
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