1. Introduction Globally, the construction sector has a substantial environmental impact. For example, it consumes 34% of the total energy during the material production and building operational phases, contributing significantly to environmental degradation. The sector is also responsible for producing 37% of global CO2 emissions [1]. Moreover, construction and demolition waste (CDW) represents the largest fraction of waste, accounting for between 30% to 40% of total solid waste [2].
