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Articles by Besart Avdiu
What we’re reading about productivity growth and jobs
Productivity is the key driver of economic growth, accounting for more than half the differences across countries in GDP per capita. There are long-standing debates, however, on the effect of productivity growth on jobs. Higher productivity enables firms to expand production, employment, and wages – but it also reduces the number of workers needed to produce a given amount of output, possibly decreasing the demand for workers.
Supporting firms in fragile environments during crises
There is little evidence on the impact of the pandemic on firms in Fragile, Conflict and Violence (FCV) affected situations. Getting information about firms operating in these environments is challenging even during normal times due to weaker institutions and a lack of political commitment, and the paucity of credible data on businesses in FCV environments limits evidence-backed response, especially during times such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
How COVID19 changed the path of remittances in The Gambia
International remittances shape lives and livelihoods in The Gambia. Fatou lives with her family of six in a small village close to Basse. Like many young men in the country, her husband Hamidou left the country to look for work in Europe. To finance his journey, the family had raised lots of money and expected Hamidou to transfer money back home if he was able to reach Europe. After a long arduous trip, Hamidou arrived in Italy, where he first worked on a farm, and then sold souvenirs to tourists.
When face-to-face interactions become an occupational hazard: Jobs in the time of COVID-19
There is a crisis of demand brewing around the globe as social distancing becomes the norm to counter the COVID-19 outbreak. Examples of job cuts abound as authorities ask restaurants and bars to close shop. Manufacturing activity in global value chains is increasingly disrupted too. Ripple effects will likely be felt with a negative demand shock for consumer durables such as cars, and the ability of factories to supply at capacity will be affected as lockdowns are imposed.
Optimal capital and labor income taxation in small and developing countries
Atkinson, A.B. and Stiglitz, J.E. (1980). Lectures on Public Economics. London and New York: McGraw-Hill. Auriol, E. and Warlters, M. (2005). Taxation Base in Developing Countries. Journal of Public Economics, 89 (4), pp. 625-646. Beck, T., Demirgüc¸-Kunt, A. and Levine, R. (2009). Financial Institutions and Markets Across Countries and over Time: Data and Analysis. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 4943. Besley, T. and Persson, T. (2014). Why Do Developing Countries Tax So Little?.
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