1 Introduction Radiation therapy (RT) is a widely utilized approach for treating thoracic malignancies, yet it is often accompanied by clinical complications such as impaired wound healing in irradiated tissues and damage to surrounding normal lung tissues.[1, 2] These adverse effects have spurred an urgent demand for advancements in RT technologies and strategies that can effectively protect normal tissues.[3, 4] Over the past decade, ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) pulsed irradiation (mean dose...
