2. Duloxetine Duloxetine hydrochloride is another noradrenaline and serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is assumed to act mainly in the spinal cord (Michel et al., 2005b), and it has been well studied in experimental models of SUI (Bymaster et al., 2005). Duloxetine was initially studied in a cat model of bladder irritation using acetic acid (Thor and Katofiasc, 1995). When these cats were pretreated with duloxetine, urethral sphincteric muscle activity increased eightfold during bladder storage.