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Articles by Doug West
Edmond Halley and Isaac Newton: The Principia Partnership That Changed Science
A Meeting of Minds In the England of the late seventeenth century, science was shaking off centuries of superstition. At the Royal Society in London, natural philosophers debated everything from the weight of air to the motion of the planets. It was a lively world of ideas—and into that world stepped Isaac Newton and Edmond Halley. The two men could hardly have been more different. Newton was the reclusive mathematician from Cambridge, brilliant but cautious, often content to work alone.
1097 Breakaway Dr, Oceanside, CA 92057, US
Operating Expenses Recurring costs required to maintain and manage a rental property, including property taxes, insurance, maintenance, repairs, utilities (if paid by the owner), property management fees, and other day-to-day expenses. Calculation: Insurance + Property Taxes + Property Management + Repairs & Maintenance + Capital Expenditures + HOA Fees
Understanding Triangles and Their Properties: Geometry Tutorial
Triangles are everywhere—in bridges, roof supports, computer graphics, and even in nature. In geometry, they're one of the most essential and versatile shapes to understand. Whether you're preparing for a test or just want to get a better grasp of the basics, this tutorial will walk you through the key properties of triangles.
Collecting Megalodon Teeth
I collect odd-ball things that I find during my travels. I recently ran across a megalodon tooth at a coin shop and couldn’t resist the big tooth (see the main picture in the article). These petrified teeth of an ancient monster shark are remarkable for their great age and size. This article will review what I have learned about megalodon teeth. The Megalodon The megalodon was a giant shark that roamed the world’s oceans approximately 2.6 to 26 million years ago.
High School Physics Tutorial: Scientific Notation, Significant Figures, Accuracy and Precision
Understanding how to express and interpret numbers correctly is fundamental in physics and all the sciences and engineering. Whether calculating the mass of a planet or the charge of an electron, scientists deal with numbers that vary across enormous scales. Using scientific notation, significant figures, accuracy, and precision ensures clarity, reduces errors, and maintains reliability in calculations.
Trends in Commercial Real Estate: Repositioning Strategies
By Doug West From prebuilt office spaces to reimagined amenity offerings, commercial building owners and landlords in major metropolitan markets across the United States are exploring a host of different strategies for encouraging leasing activity. Determining what upgrades are deal-breaker requirements, which solutions will perform best in the market, and how they align with desired tenant groups remains a significant challenge.
Trends in Office Real Estate: Shared Amenities
Doug joined TPG Architecture in 2015 and has over 25 years of multi-level corporate interiors experience. He holds a Bachelor of Science in interior design from Cornell University. As one of the firm’s Studio Creative Directors, Doug brings design vision, strategic planning and market awareness to his team leadership role.
The Future of Prebuilt Office Spaces
Doug joined TPG Architecture in 2015 and has over 25 years of multi-level corporate interiors experience. He holds a Bachelor of Science in interior design from Cornell University. As one of the firm’s Studio Creative Directors, Doug brings design vision, strategic planning and market awareness to his team leadership role.
From Kent County to building protected wells in Africa By Doug West
Monday, I returned home from volunteering with Marion Medical Mission, in Malawi and Zambia. The shallow wells are similar to those built on the Eastern Shore in the past, hand dug, bricked up and covered by a cement slab to seal out surface water contamination. I was part of the installation team. We arrived at each village, after the well was built and installed the pipe and hand pump and got the water flowing.
The Wisdom of Socrates: Three Famous Quotes Explained
Who Was Socrates? Socrates, an ancient Greek philosopher born circa 470 BC in Athens, remains an iconic figure in Western philosophy for his profound influence on ethical inquiry and critical thinking. Renowned for his method of questioning, known as the Socratic method, he engaged in dialogues with fellow Athenians to probe deeper into fundamental concepts of justice, virtue, and the good life. Socrates believed in the pursuit of knowledge as a path to moral improvement.
The Boston Tea Party: Spark of the American Revolution
The 13 Colonies on the Eve of War What had been a relatively harmonious relationship between the British colonies in America and the mother country of Great Britain for nearly 150 years began to sour as the British Parliament imposed more taxes on their colonies. By the middle of the 18th century, the 13 colonies in America were becoming a significant financial burden on the English treasury.
Clyde Tombaugh and the Search for the Planet Pluto
Who Was Clyde Tombaugh? Born into a farming family in Streator, Illinois, on February 4, 1906, Clyde Tombaugh’s fascination with astronomy ignited early. His parents, influenced by his father and uncle’s passion for the stars, gave him a small telescope. Eager for more, young Clyde constructed his own nine-inch reflector telescope, meticulously crafting it from thrift store finds and spare parts from his father’s old Buick and a cream separator.
How to Reposition Buildings to Meet Market Demands
Working with a trusted design team is a crucial step to making sure your building remains competitive. As new-build, Class A skyscrapers come to market, the widely reported “flight to quality” is forcing older commercial buildings to evaluate their place in the conversation.
Empedocles and the Four Classical Elements: Air, Water, Earth, and Fire
Who Was Empedocles? Empedocles was a Greek philosopher born in the early fifth century BC in the city of Acragas, on the island of Sicily. He was from a prominent and wealthy aristocratic family. Different ancient sources claim he studied under the noted philosophers of his day, including Parmenides, Xenophanes, Anaxagoras, and a Pythagorean.
Unlocking the Future of Office Design: Prebuilt Design and Instant Offices
These more refined, specialized digs are no longer leftovers — in some buildings, they’re the main feature. With expedited project schedules, shorter lease terms, and inflationary pricing pressures, rolling out a prebuilt office program is not as simple as it sounds. What exactly makes prebuilt office space an attractive solution?
Different Types of United States Silver Coins Used as a Silver Investment
U.S. Silver Coins as a Vehicle to Own Silver Bullion Silver bullion comes in many different forms, from old, circulated coins to highly polished 100-ounce bars, and each form has its advantages and disadvantages. One form of silver commonly traded is old United States coins made from 90% silver. These coins were generally minted before 1965 and are sometimes called “junk” silver.
A Comprehensive Guide to Investing in U.S. Silver Coins
Investing in U.S. Silver Coins Silver bullion comes in many different forms. From old, circulated coins to highly polished 100-ounce bars, each variety has its own advantages and disadvantages. One type that's commonly traded is old United States coins made from 90% silver. These were generally minted before 1965 and are sometimes called "junk" silver.
The Ancient Greek Philosopher Pythagoras: His Life and Times
Greece During the Sixth Century B.C. In the towns and cities that border the Aegean Sea, in what is now modern day Greece and Turkey, trade began to flourish between the various cities that dotted the coastline. This period was marked by the emergence of art and culture, and the people began to question the wisdom of the mythical gods they so deeply feared.
Pythagoras on the Nature of the Soul and Reincarnation
The Ancient’s View of the Soul In the earliest Greek literature written by Homer in the eighth century B.C., the Iliad and the Odyssey, he writes of the souls of the dead as we would speak of “ghosts” in several passages, forming the basis of a literary tradition of souls that are in a way “undying.” The Greeks were by no means the only ancient peoples that believed that an entity called the “soul” resides within humans.
Herod the Great, “King of the Jews”
Who Was King Herod the Great? Herod the Great was the ruler of the region of Judea during the last half of the century before the birth of Christ. He established a highly successful form of client kingship within the Roman Empire and built a dynasty that dominated the politics of Palestine for much of the first century of the Christian era.
King Herod the Great’s Palace-Fortress at Masada
What Is Masada? Masada, the Hebrew word for “fortress,” is located atop an isolated rock cliff at the western end of the Judean Desert overlooking the Dead Sea in the present-day country of Israel. The ancient mountain fortress, which rises over 1,400 feet above the Dead Sea, came into prominence in the time of Herod the Great, who ruled much of Palestine as a Roman client king from 37 to 4 B.C. On the remote mountaintop, Herod built two lavish palaces enclosed in the thick walls of a fortress.
Mary Magdalene: Follower of Jesus Christ in the Bible
The Seven Women Named Mary in the New Testament Mary was a common name in Palestine during the time of Jesus. The New Testament of the Bible has seven different women called Mary, and in some references, it isn’t exactly clear which Mary the narrator is speaking about. The seven women named Mary are: 1. The most prominent Mary in the New Testament is the mother of Jesus. She is central to his birth and his role in ministry. 2. Mary of Bethany, sister of Martha and Lazarus.
The Ancient Jewish Historian Flavius Josephus: His Life and Works
Early Life Flavius Josephus was born Joseph ben Mattathias in Jerusalem, then part of Roman Judea, between A.D. 37 and 38. He was from a wealthy priestly family and, on his mother’s side, a descendant of the Hasmoneans. At age 16 he began his study of the three main Jewish sects, the Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes.
The Evil Queen Jezebel from the Bible
Who Was Jezebel in the Bible? An ambitious, headstrong woman, the Phoenician princess Jezebel became the wife of King Ahab of the Kingdom of Israel in the ninth century B.C. Jezebel was the daughter of Ethbaal (or Ithobaal I), king of Sidon and Tyre. Her marriage to Ahab had been arranged to strengthen the bonds between the two neighboring kingdoms of Israel and Phoenicia. She brought to Israel her practice of worshipping the pagan deities Baal and Asherah.
The Christmas Star of Bethlehem Explained
The Christmas Star, or The Star of Bethlehem Every Christmastime the story of the magi following the Christmas star to find the baby Jesus is a favorite topic for the media. Who were the magi? What was the Christmas star? Can the star still be seen? These are some of the questions that pop up every December. The identity of the Christmas Star or Star of Bethlehem has been discussed and debated since antiquity. In this article I give some plausible explanations for the miraculous Star of Bethlehem.
Astronomy and the Old Testament of the Bible
The Bible Is Full of References to Heavenly Bodies Though the Holy Bible is a book of faith rather than science, it does contain several references to the objects of the night sky. For example, the sun, the star nearest to our planet, is mentioned at least 164 times in the King James translation; the moon is mentioned 61 times; and there are 66 verses that have some reference to stars.
Caroline Herschel: The Comet Huntress
Who Was Caroline Herschel? Caroline Lucretia Herschel was born in Hanover, Germany, when England and Hanover were both ruled by King George II. With the help and support of her brother William, an accomplished astronomer himself, she learned mathematics and astronomy. His tutelage helped her achieve prestige as a woman astronomer and led to her becoming respected and trusted by her peers.
Natural Philosophy of the Ancient Greek Anaxagoras of Clazomenae
Who Was Anaxagoras? Anaxagoras was from the town Clazomenae (or Klazomenai) on the Ionian coast of the Aegean Sea in what is now the country of Turkey. In 480 BC, at around age 20 he moved to Athens, possibly as a member of Xerxes’ conquering army. In Athens he became a friend and teacher of the prominent statesman and general Pericles. He proposed theories on the origin of the cosmos based on physical concepts rather than the belief that the gods were responsible.
William Herschel and the Discovery of the Planet Uranus
The Discovery of the Planet Uranus On the night of Tuesday March 13, 1781, music teacher and orchestra conductor William Hershel made a startling discovery that thrust him into the international limelight. Herschel taught music by day and studied the stars by night. This night was different, for what he found through the eyepiece of his modest telescope expanded the number of planets in the solar system from six to seven.
William Herschel and the Giant 40-foot Telescope
Escape to England The Hanoverian soldiers suffered heavy losses at the battle of Hastenbeck during the summer of 1757. Isaac Herschel knew it was just a matter of time before the advancing French attacked and occupied his hometown of Hanover. Fearing for his son’s life, Isaac told 19-year-old William to flee to England. William followed his father’s orders and journeyed to Hamburg to meet up with his older brother Jacob.
William Herschel and the Discovery of Infrared Radiation
Who Was William Herschel? William Herschel was born in the Electorate of Hanover, which is now part of modern-day Germany. As a young man, William and his brothers left Hanover to seek their fortune in England as musicians. While working as a music teacher and orchestra conductor, William became obsessed with astronomy and telescope making. His passion for the night sky turned into a career in astronomy and a business making telescopes.
Max Planck and the Foundation of Quantum Mechanics
What Is Quantum Mechanics? Quantum mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the submicroscopic world on the atomic and molecular level. Throughout the 1800s, most physicists believed without question the laws of motion put forth by Isaac Newton, but as scientists started looking more closely at phenomena on a very small scale, such as the interaction of atoms and radiation, classical physics began to show its limitations.
J. Robert Oppenheimer and the Making of the Atomic Bomb
My writing interests are general, with expertise in science, history, biographies, and how-to topics. I have written over 70 books. Early Life Julius Robert Oppenheimer was born in New York City on April 22, 1904. His father was a German immigrant who became a wealthy textile importer. His mother, Ella Freedman, was a gifted painter. Music and art were always prominent in the Oppenheimer household. Robert was a quick learner with a wide-ranging curiosity.
Plato’s Allegory of the Cave Explained
My writing interests are general, with expertise in science, history, biographies, and “how-to” topics. I have written over seventy books. The Dialogues of Plato The works of the fourth century BC Greek philosopher Plato have survived for over 2,500 years and are still read and studied today. Of his thirty-six books or dialogues, nearly all are written in the form of a conversation (dialogue) between the philosopher Socrates and others.
Patient characteristics, treatment and survival in pulmonary carcinoid tumours: an analysis from the UK National Lung Cancer Audit
Conclusions In contrast to other forms of NSCLC, the majority of patients with PC present with good performance status, preserved lung function and early stage disease amenable to surgical resection. However, 1 in 5 patients with PC has metastatic disease which is associated with poor prognosis, as is poor performance status at presentation.
Hugh Mulzac: First Black Captain of a WW2 Liberty Ship
Ron is a student of African American history. His writing highlights the stories of people who overcame prejudice to achieve great things. Hugh Nathaniel Mulzac (1886-1971) was a master seaman, well qualified to command a merchant vessel. He had many years of sea duty aboard British, Norwegian, and American merchantmen. After studying at the Swansea Nautical College in South Wales, he earned a mate’s license in 1910, qualifying him to be second in command.
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