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Articles by Eric Lauga
Editorial: Keeping the Field in Motion Over Ten Years of Physical Review Fluids
It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties.
Helical opto-thermoviscous flows drive out-of-plane rotation and particle spinning in a highly viscous micro-environment
Abstract Contact-free and object-agnostic three-dimensional (3D) rotation remains a challenge at both the micro and nanoscale, with broad relevance to advanced imaging, biology, microrobotics, and materials science. Specifically, precise 3D rotation is desirable in diffusion-suppressing environments, where conventional micromanipulation methods fail.
Editorial: Announcing Methods: New Experiments, Algorithms, and Theory (NEAT)
It is not necessary to obtain permission to reuse this article or its components as it is available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI are maintained. Please note that some figures may have been included with permission from other third parties.
Fluid mechanics of sarcomeres as porous media
Fluid mechanics of sarcomeres as porous media Muscle contraction, both in skeletal and cardiac tissue, is driven by sarcomeres, the microscopic units inside muscle cells where thick myosin and thin actin filaments slide past each other. During contraction and relaxation, the sarcomere's volume changes, causing sarcoplasm (intra-sarcomeric fluid) to flow out during contraction and back in as the sarcomere relaxes.
Hydrodynamic hovering of swimming bacteria above surfaces
Flagellated bacteria are hydrodynamically attracted to rigid walls, yet past work shows a “hovering” state where they swim stably at a finite height above surfaces. We use numerics and theory to reveal the physical origin of hovering. Simulations first show that hovering requires an elongated cell body and results from a tilt away from the wall. Theoretical models then identify two essential asymmetries: the response of width-asymmetric cells to active flows created by length-asymmetric cells.
Modelling mucus clearance in sinuses: thin-film flow inside a fluid-producing cavity lined with an active surface
Abstract The paranasal sinuses are a group of hollow spaces within the human skull, surrounding the nose. They are lined with an epithelium that contains mucus-producing cells and tiny hairlike active appendages called cilia. The cilia beat constantly to sweep mucus out of the sinus into the nasal cavity, thus maintaining a clean mucus layer within the sinuses.
Physical mechanism reveals bacterial slowdown above a critical number of flagella
Abstract Numerous studies have explored the link between bacterial swimming and the number of flagella, a distinguishing feature of motile multiflagellated bacteria. We revisit this open question using augmented slender-body theory simulations, in which we resolve the full hydrodynamic interactions within a bundle of helical filaments rotating and translating in synchrony.
Biophysical fluid dynamics in a Petri dish
The humble Petri dish is perhaps the simplest setting in which to examine the locomotion of swimming organisms, particularly those whose body size is tens of microns to millimeters. The fluid layer in such a container has a bottom no-slip surface and a stress-free upper boundary. It is of fundamental interest to understand the flow fields produced by the elementary and composite singularities of Stokes flow in this geometry.
Natural convection in the cytoplasm: Theoretical predictions of buoyancy-driven flows inside a cell
Loading metrics Open Access Peer-reviewed Research Article Citation: Desai N, Liao W, Lauga E (2024) Natural convection in the cytoplasm: Theoretical predictions of buoyancy-driven flows inside a cell. PLoS ONE 19(7): e0307765. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0307765 Editor: Xin Yong, State University of New York at Binghamton: Binghamton University, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Received: December 1, 2023; Accepted: July 8, 2024; Published: July 25, 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Desai et al.
Opto-fluidically multiplexed assembly and micro-robotics - Light: Science & Applications
Abstract Techniques for high-definition micromanipulations, such as optical tweezers, hold substantial interest across a wide range of disciplines. However, their applicability remains constrained by material properties and laser exposure. And while microfluidic manipulations have been suggested as an alternative, their inherent capabilities are limited and further hindered by practical challenges of implementation and control.
Biophysical Fluid Dynamics in a Petri Dish
Abstract The humble Petri dish is perhaps the simplest setting in which to examine the locomotion of swimming organisms, particularly those whose body size is tens of microns to millimetres. The fluid layer in such a container has a bottom no-slip surface and a stress-free upper boundary. It is of fundamental interest to understand the flow fields produced by the elementary and composite singularities of Stokes flow in this geometry.
Editorial: The 2023 Fran\ifmmode \mbox{\c{c}}\else \c{c}\fi{}ois Naftali Frenkiel Award for Fluid Mechanics
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.010001 Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. ©2024 American Physical Society
Controlling confined collective organisation with taxis
Abstract Biased locomotion is a common feature of microorganisms, but little is known about its impact on self-organisation. Inspired by recent experiments showing a transition to large-scale flows, we study theoretically the dynamics of magnetotactic bacteria confined to a drop. We reveal two symmetry-breaking mechanisms (one local chiral and one global achiral) leading to self-organisation into global vortices and a net torque exerted on the drop.
Rate invariance and scallop theorem in viscosity gradients
Abstract Purcell's scallop theorem states that a swimmer deforming in a fluid at low Reynolds number cannot undergo a net displacement if its sequence of shapes is symmetric in time. Motivated by heterogeneous biological environments, here we consider a fluid with broken translational symmetry where the viscosity of the medium varies spatially.
Editorial: The 2022 Fran\ifmmode \mbox{\c{c}}\else \c{c}\fi{}ois Naftali Frenkiel Award for Fluid Mechanics
ISSN 2469-990X (online). ©2023 American Physical Society. All rights reserved. Physical Review Fluids™ is a trademark of the American Physical Society, registered in the United States. The APS Physics logo and Physics logo are trademarks of the American Physical Society. Information about registration may be found here. Use of the American Physical Society websites and journals implies that the user has read and agrees to our Terms and Conditions and any applicable Subscription Agreement.
Fluid mechanics of luminal transport in actively contracting endoplasmic reticulum
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Instability of an active fluid jet
Abstract The breakup of a fluid jet into droplets has long fascinated natural scientists, with early research dating back to the 19th century. Infinitesimal perturbations to a jet grow because of surface tension, which eventually leads to breakup of the jet into droplets (Rayleigh-Plateau instability). Although this classical phenomenon has long been studied, it is not clear how it is modified when the fluid is replaced by an active fluid.
Microswimmers in vortices: dynamics and trapping
Microswimmers in vortices: dynamics and trapping Ivan Tanasijević *a and Eric Lauga a Abstract Biological and artificial microswimmers often self-propel in external flows of vortical nature; relevant examples include algae in small-scale ocean eddies, spermatozoa in uterine peristaltic flows and bacteria in microfluidic devices. A recent experiment has shown that swimming bacteria in model vortices are expelled from the vortex all the way to a well-defined depletion zone (A. Sokolov and I. S.
Hydrodynamic interactions between a point force and a slender filament
Abstract The Green's function of the incompressible Stokes equations, the stokeslet, represents the singular flow due to a point force. Its classical value in an unbounded fluid has been extended near surfaces of various shapes, including flat walls and spheres, and in most cases the presence of a surface leads to an advection flow induced at the location of the point force.
Tentacled droplets swim with stored heat energy
If ever a science fiction movie director were seeking inspiration for how to depict tiny robotic alien life forms, they need look no further than those created by a team of scientists in Bulgaria, Poland, the UK and China. Beginning as innocuous oily droplets about 20–40μm across floating in water, these structures take on faceted, crystal-like shapes when cooled to around 2-8°C – even though they aren’t frozen. Then things get really weird.
Energetics of synchronization for model flagella and cilia
Abstract Synchronization is often observed in the swimming of flagellated cells, either for multiple appendages on the same organism or between the flagella of nearby cells. Beating cilia are also seen to synchronize their dynamics. In 1951, Taylor showed that the observed in-phase beating of the flagella of coswimming spermatozoa was consistent with minimization of the energy dissipated in the surrounding fluid.
Geometrical Constraints on the Tangling of Bacterial Flagellar Filaments
Abstract Many species of bacteria swim through viscous environments by rotating multiple helical flagella. The filaments gather behind the cell body and form a close helical bundle, which propels the cell forward during a “run”. The filaments inside the bundle cannot be continuously actuated, nor can they easily unbundle, if they are tangled around one another.
Bubble-based acoustic micropropulsors: active surfaces and mixers
Acoustic micropropulsors present great potential for microfluidic applications. The propulsion is based on encapsulated 20 $\mu$m bubbles excited by a contacless ultrasonic transducer. The vibrating bubbles then generate a powerful streaming flow, with speeds 1-100 mm/s in water, through the action of viscous stresses. In this paper we introduce a full toolbox of micropropulsors using a versatile three-dimensional (3D) microfabrication setup.
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