1. Introduction Enteroviruses (EVs) are members of the Picornaviridae family, with over 110 types known to infect humans, belonging to species A–D. The most well-known EV is poliovirus (PV), belonging to species C, which can cause acute flaccid paralysis (AFP, also known as polio or poliomyelitis). PV encompasses three serotypes, and thanks to the effort of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) programme, wild-type PV (WPV) is currently only endemic in Afghanistan and Pakistan [].