2.2. Study Area and Sampling Data The study area is located in central Italy and is characterized by a hilly morphology, with altitude ranging between 500 and 600 m a.s.l. The landfill plant, designed in the 1980s, covers an area of approximately 0.12 km2. It is used for the storage of municipal solid waste (MSW). The study area, where the landfill plant is located, is characterized by two outcropping deposits: upper sandy conglomerate deposits and marly arenaceous formation.