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Articles by Frederick W. Pontius
Drinking Water Contaminant Regulation: -Where are We Heading?
References ASDWA (Association of State Drinking Water Agencies), 2003. Public Health Protection Threatened by Inadequate Resources for State Drinking Water Programs; An Analysis of State Drinking Water Program Resources, Needs, and Barriers. ASDWA, Washington. & , 2003. Nontraditional Approaches for Providing Potable Water in Small Systems: Part 1. Jour. AWWA, 95:3: 69. ; ; & , 2003. Waterborne Outbreaks in the United States, 1971–2000. Drinking Water Regulation and Health ( F.W. Pontius, editor).
Regulatory Compliance Planning TO ENSURE WATER SUPPLY SAFETY
The terrorist attacks on Sept. 11, 2001, caused a sea change in the sense of safety and protection that most Americans felt regarding the threat of externally imposed harm.
SDWA Implementation: Status and Outlook
Referring to implementation of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) amendments of 1996, the cover of the March 1997 Journal proclaimed, “It's a whole new ballgame.” In a rare baseball card appearance, then AWWA President, pitcher Rocky Wiley, urged everyone that it was “time to step up to the plate” to put the provisions of the new law into practice. Implementation of the 1996 SDWA amendments marked its four-year anniversary Aug. 6, 2000.
Regulations in 2000 and beyond
References 1 Implementing the 1996 SDWA Amendments. Jour. AWWA, 89:3: 18 (Mar. 1997). 2 Future Directions in Water Quality Regulations. Jour. AWWA, 89:3: 40 (Mar. 1997). 3 Complying With Future Water Regulations. Jour. AWWA, 91:3: 46 (Mar. 1999). 4 USEPA. Consumer Confidence Reports. Final Rule. Fed. Reg., 63:160: 44512 (Aug. 19, 1998). 5 Complying With USEPA's Consumer Confidence Report Rule. Jour. AWWA, 90:11: 20 (Nov. 1998). 6 USEPA. Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts. Final Rule. Fed. Reg., 63:241: 69390 (Dec.
Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring
The US Environmental Protection Agency set new requirements for unregulated contaminant monitoring Sept. 17, 1999. These requirements will replace those in the existing rule Jan. 1, 2001, when the new Unregulated Contaminants Monitoring Rule becomes effective. Existing requirements apply until Jan. 1, 2001, to large systems that serve more than 10,000 people. Provisions of the new rule are summarized here.
Complying With USEPA's Consumer Confidence Report Rule
On Aug. 19, 1998, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) published the final Consumer Confidence Report (CCR) Rule.1 This rule ties together several aspects of the amendments to the 1996 Safe Drinking Water intended to provide consumers with more information about their drinking water. The CCR Rule, 40 CFR Part 114 Subpart O, requires all community water systems (CWSs) to provide their customers with an annual water quality report or CCR.
Safe Drinking Water January 1, 2000?
This article discusses the year 2000 (Y2K) problem, which will affect computer systems worldwide on January 1, 2000. Topics covered include: in addition to computers, what exactly Y2K will affect; the state of preparedness of government and businesses; a description of the Y2K problem; and, the potential of Y2K to adversely affect all areas of a water utility.
Defining Public Water Systems
Public water systems in the United States are regulated by the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). How a public water system (PWS) is defined is central to delineating the scope of many SDWA provisions. Before passage of the 1996 amendments, the SDWA defined the term “public water system” to include only piped water systems.
Roll Up Your Sleeves, Get Involved in Shaping Regs
This article states the importance of public participation in the development of new regulations. Since the enactment of the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Amendments, more than 75 public stakeholder meetings on various regulatory issues have been held. These meetings are committed to informing and involving interested parties in the process of making rules. The frequency of stakeholder meetings is expected to remain at a high level throughout implementation of the 1996 SDWA Amendments.
Expedited Microbial/Disinfection By‐product Rules Defined
References 1 USEPA Microbial/Disinfection By-Products Federal Advisory Committee Agreement in Principle. Dated June 9, 1997; signed July 15, 1997. 2National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Disinfectants and Disinfection By-products; Proposed Rule. Fed. Reg., 59: 145: 38668, proposed section 141.135(a)(1)(i)-(iv) (July 29, 1994).
Information Collection Rule Monitoring to Begin
After many months of preparation, monitoring is about to begin under the Information Collection Rule (ICR), the most extensive data collection effort ever attempted. This month, each of the 298 water utilities affected by the ICR will receive official approval of its sampling plan from the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Utilities must begin 18 months of monitoring in July 1997 and begin reporting data to USEPA in November 1997.
Future directions in water quality regulations
References 1 Complying With the New Drinking Water Regulations. Jour. AWWA, 82: 2: 32 (Feb. 1990). 2 A Current Look at the Federal Drinking Water Regulations. Jour. AWWA, 84: 3: 36 (Mar. 1992). 3 Federal Drinking Water Regulation Update. Jour. AWWA, 85: 2: 42 (Feb. 1993). 4 & The Current Regulatory Agenda: An Update. Jour. AWWA, 86: 2: 54 (Feb. 1994). 5 An Update of the Federal Drinking Water Regs. Jour. AWWA, 87: 2: 48 (Feb. 1995). 6 An Update of the Federal Regs. Jour. AWWA, 88: 3: 36 (March 1996).
Update on the Ground Water Disinfection Rule
The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), along with other interested participants, is developing a National Primary Drinking Water Regulation to address the public health risks from microbial contamination of groundwater systems. The history and issues associated with this rule, known as the Ground Water Disinfection Rule (GWDR), have recently been reviewed.1 Because of increasing interest in this rule, an update on its progress is in order.
Go to Letter: Lead and Copper Rule Revisions Proposed
References Maximum Contaminant Level Goals and National Primary Drinking Water Regulations for Lead and Copper. Final Rule. Fed. Reg., 56:110: 26460-26564 (June 7, 1991). Maximum Contaminant Level Goals and National Primary Drinking Water Regulations for Lead and Copper. Proposed Rule. Fed. Reg., 60:72: 16348-16371 (Apr. 12, 1996). USEPA. Methods for Determination of Metals in Environmental Samples—Supplement 1. NTIS PB 94-184942 (May 1994). Analytical Methods for Regulated Drinking Water Contaminants.
An update of the federal regs
References 1 Complying With the New Drinking Water Regulations. Jour. AWWA, 82:2: 32 (Feb. 1990). 2 A Current Look at the Federal Drinking Water Regulations. Jour. AWWA, 84:3: 36 (Mar. 1992). 3 Federal Drinking Water Regulation Update. Jour. AWWA, 85:2: 42 (Feb. 1993). 4 & The Current Regulatory Agenda: An Update. Jour. AWWA, 86:2: 54 (Feb. 1994). 5 An Update of the Federal Drinking Water Regs. Jour. AWWA, 87:2: 48 (Feb. 1995). 6 SDWA Advisor on CD-ROM. AWWA, Denver, Colo. (1996). 7USEPA Regulatory Agenda. Notice. Fed.
Environmental and Related Federal Laws Affecting Water Utilities
References 1 The SDWA Advisor. AWWA, Denver, Colo. (1994). 2 Avoiding Litigation and Preserving Public Confidence Through Compliance Auditing. Jour. AWWA. 84:9: 64 (Sept. 1992). 3 1994 Briefing Book on Environmental and Energy Legislation. Environmental and Energy Study Inst., Washington, D.C. (1994). 4 Treatise on Environmental Law. Matthew Bender, New York (1991). 5 Review of Water Treatment Plant Residuals Laws and Regulations. AWWA, Denver, Colo. (1993).
Health implications of arsenic in drinking water
References 1 Casarett and Doull's Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons ( C.D. Klassen; M.O. Amdur; & J. Doull, editors). MacMillan Publ. Co., New York ( 3rd ed., 1986). 2Special Arsenic Issue. Envir. Geochem. & Health ( John R. Fowle, ed.), 14: 2 (June 1992). 3 Life Systems Inc. Draft Drinking Water Criteria Document on Arsenic, USEPA Human Risk Assessment Branch, Washington, D.C. (1993). 4; ; & Arsenic Ingestion and Internal Cancers: A Review. Amer. Jour. Epidemiol., 135:5: 462 (Mar. 1, 1992). 5 USEPA.
SDWA Reauthorization Battle Begins
Several bills have been introduced in the US Congress to reauthorize the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), and more are expected. Views differ significantly on many issues, which is resulting in an intense political battle. In theory, anything and everything in the act could be changed. In reality, only changes that survive the political process will be made. An overview of SDWA reauthorization is presented in this article, and the issues involved are reviewed.
D-DBP Rule to Set Tight Standards
References 1 ‘Reg Neg’ Considered for D--DBP Rule. Jour. AWWA, 84:11: 22 (Nov. 1992). 2 & D--DBP regulation: Issues and Ramifications. Jour. AWWA, 85:2: 93 (Feb. 1993). 3 Reg-Neg Process Draws to a Close. Jour. AWWA, 85:9: 18 (Sept. 1993). 4 Information Collection Rule to Gather Critical Data. Jour. AWWA, 85:10: 16 (Oct. 1993).
Involving the Public in Developing Regulations
References 1 Federal Drinking Water Regulation Update. Jour. AWWA, 85:2: 42 (Feb. 1993). 2 How Federal Drinking Water Regulations Are Developed. Jour. AWWA, 84:3: 28 (Mar. 1992). 3 5 U.S.C. Secs. 551--59, 701--06, 1305, 3105, 3344, 5372, 7521.. 4 5 U.S.C. Sec. 553(b).. 5 5 U.S.C. Sec. 553(c).. 6 5 U.S.C. Sec. 553(d).. 7 ‘Reg-Neg’ Considered for D-DBP Rule. Jour. AWWA, 84:11: 22 (Nov. 1992). 8Radionuclides. Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking. Fed. Reg., 51:189: 34836 (Sept. 30, 1986).
Proposed Sulfate MCL Reconsidered
The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) as amended in 1986 requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to regulate sulfate. USEPA proposed a maximum contaminant level (MCL) July 25, 1990, for sulfate at 400 mg/L or 500 mg/L in the Phase V proposal. The agency decided to reconsider the regulatory approach for sulfate when Phase V was promulgated July 17, 1992.
USEPA's Proposed Radon MCL: Too High, Too low, Or Just Right?
References 1 56 FR 33050 (July 18, 1991). 2How Federal Drinking Water Regulations Are Developed. Jour. AWWA, 84:3: 28 (Mar. 1992). 3Complying With the New Drinking Water Quality Regulations. Jour. AWWA, 82:2: 32 (Feb. 1990). 4 ATSDR. Toxicological Profile for Radon. US Public Health Service (Dec. 1990). 5 Nationwide. Survey of Residential Radon Levels in the U.S. Presented at the Health Physics Society Annual Meeting (Jun. 21--25, 1992). 6 USEPA. Citizens' Guide to Radon (Second Edition).
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