The reaction of maleic anhydride with alkenes: a review on the mechanisms involved in the reaction of maleic anhydride with lipids Maleic anhydride is one of the most widely used anhydrides after acetic and phthalic anhydride and its market has grown rapidly over the last century. This compound is a versatile monomer widely used in industrial and commodity chemicals. It is interesting to note that it can be obtained from biosourced molecules such as furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.