1 Introduction Heart valve replacement is the definitive surgical treatment for severe valvular heart disease, substantially improving survival and quality of life (Praz et al. 2025). However, patients continue to experience complex postoperative symptoms across multiple domains (Ban et al. 2026): cardiovascular (chest tightness, dyspnea, palpitations, edema), respiratory (cough), systemic (fatigue, pain, fever, dizziness) (Dong et al. 2023), psychological (anxiety, depression) (Li et al.