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Articles by Hao Ren
DigiDent: integrated bristle-level sensing and AI for contact-aware toothbrushing assessment
Abstract Oral hygiene is fundamental to systemic health, yet toothbrushing, the most common preventive practice, remains largely unguided and unquantified, contributing to the global burden of oral diseases. Current smart toothbrush systems fundamentally fail to capture the critical fine-scale biomechanics at the bristle-tooth interface, which is essential for evaluating clinical adherence and preventing gingival damage.
Does the Establishment of a Personal Data Protection System Reduce Stock Price Synchronicity?
Disclosure Permission has been obtained to reproduce material from other sources. Proper acknowledgments have been included for all reproduced material. There is no Clinical Trial Registration needed. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Mendeley Data at https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/2n9b33xfry/3. References , , and . 2022.
Pushing the Interconnection Limit in Perovskite-Organic Tandem Solar Cells Through Recombination Channels Delocalization
1 Introduction As the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of single-junction solar cells approach the Shockley–Queisser limit, tandem architectures have evolved into an increasingly effective route to mitigate thermalization losses and extend spectral utilization but causes a challenge on photocurrent matching between subcells [1-10].
Pushing the Interconnection Limit in Perovskite-Organic Tandem Solar Cells Through Recombination Channels Delocalization
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Supporting Information Filename Description anie74520-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf2 MB Supporting File: anie74520-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf.
Acute illness severity index for severe cardiovascular disease patients using machine learning approaches
Abstract Common intensive care severity scores may be less accurate for critically ill patients with cardiovascular disease. We develop and validate a data-driven severity index for 30 day mortality prediction using routinely collected hospital data. We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study. Model development used the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care databases (39,458 admissions), split into training (10,457) and internal validation (29,001).
Fermi surface topology of the topological nodal-loop semimetal HfP 2
Abstract Topological nodal-loop semimetals represent an important class of quantum materials and have attracted intense research interest due to their exotic topological states and transport phenomena. Hafnium phosphide (HfP2) is a recently discovered nodal-loop semimetal and its transport properties have not been reported yet. Here, we grew HfP2 single crystals by the chemical vapor transport method and report the magneto-transport properties under high magnetic fields up to 34.6 T.
Bridging or bonding? A two-mode network study in top-down and bottom-up inter-municipal environmental collaborations in China
ABSTRACT Inter-municipal collaborative networks can be initiated either voluntarily by local actors or mandated by superior authorities, yet little is known about how these initiation processes shape network structures. Building on the risk hypothesis, this study argues that different governance modes generate distinct risk environments, which in turn lead to divergent network configurations.
A subnanoscale dynamic-integrated catalytic system for bioinspired photoelectrochemical ammonia synthesis
Abstract INTRODUCTION RESULTS DISCUSSION MATERIALS AND METHODS Acknowledgments Supplementary Materials REFERENCES Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Photoelectrochemical nitrogen (N) fixation to ammonia (NH3) is a sustainable route for hydrogen storage yet limited by the stubborn N≡N bond and competitive interfacial reaction kinetics.
Phenotypic comorbidity network analysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a multicenter study based on hospital discharge records
Abstract Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients frequently have multiple comorbidities that affect treatment efficacy and survival. Prior studies focused only on individual common comorbidities, lacking a comprehensive analysis of the full spectrum of chronic diseases in NPC patients from endemic areas.
Molecular Radiative Funneling Mitigates Multimodal Optical Losses in >19.7% Efficiency Flexible Organic Solar Cells
J.-L.Zhang, M. S.Khan, and H.Ren et al., ““Molecular Radiative Funneling Mitigates Multimodal Optical Losses in >19.7% Efficiency Flexible Organic Solar Cells,” Angewandte Chemie International Edition ((2026): e5569960, https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.5569960 Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Sustained Direct Electro-epoxidation of Ethylene via a Strain-Gradient CuO–Ag Interface
Abstract Direct electrochemical ethylene epoxidation using water as the oxygen source offers a sustainable alternative to conventional thermal processes, but practical implementation is constrained by insufficient ethylene adsorption and the inherent instability of the critical OO* intermediate.
Computer Science > Networking and Internet Architecture
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
Computer Science > Neural and Evolutionary Computing
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
Controlled Delivery of Gasotransmitters for Cardiovascular Therapy: Molecular Mechanisms, Engineered Platforms, and Translational Perspectives
Back to Journals » International Journal of Nanomedicine » Volume 21 Authors Zhu Y, Chen R , Ren H , Li X, Zheng X Received 26 March 2026 Accepted for publication 17 June 2026 Published 9 July 2026 Volume 2026:21 612298 DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S612298 Checked for plagiarism Yes Review by Single anonymous peer review Peer reviewer comments 3 Editor who approved publication: Prof.
Cyclometalated Rhodium(III) Polypyridyl Complexes with Anti-Cancer Stem Cell Activity Click to copy article link Article link copied!
Metal complexes are an important component of modern-day chemotherapy. (1) Four metal complexes (cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, and arsenic trioxide) have been universally approved as chemotherapies for specific forms of cancer. (1b,2) Despite their widespread use in the clinic, the current pool of anticancer metallodrugs have distinct disadvantages including side effects resulting from systematic toxicity and the inability to prevent relapse and metastasis.
Cyclometalated Rhodium(III) Polypyridyl Complexes with Anti-Cancer Stem Cell Activity Click to copy article link Article link copied!
Metal complexes are an important component of modern-day chemotherapy. (1) Four metal complexes (cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, and arsenic trioxide) have been universally approved as chemotherapies for specific forms of cancer. (1b,2) Despite their widespread use in the clinic, the current pool of anticancer metallodrugs have distinct disadvantages including side effects resulting from systematic toxicity and the inability to prevent relapse and metastasis.
KryptoPilot: An Open-World Knowledge-Augmented LLM Agent for Automated Cryptographic Exploitation
arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs.
How Core and Peripheral Cities Select Partners for Inter-Local Public Service Delivery in the Digital Age: A Comparative Study in the Yangtze River Delta Region of China
Abstract Digital technologies are reshaping inter‑local collaboration, yet little research has examined their varying effects across actors with different power and resource levels. This study investigates inter-local public service delivery in Yangtze River Delta region of China, contrasting core-periphery and periphery-periphery partnerships.
High‐Performance Mid‐Wave Infrared Photothermoelectric Response in Magnetic Semiconductors MnTe and MnTe2 Crystals
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description adfm70917-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf2.7 MB Supporting Information References 1, , , , Front. Inform. Technol. Electron. Eng. 2024, 25, 1031. 2, , , , Anal. Chem. 2024, 180, 117916. 3, Rep. Prog. Phys. 2022, 85, 126501. 4, Sensors 2023, 23, 1130. 5, Infrared Detectors, 2nd ed., CRC Press, Florida, 2011. 6, , , , Sensors 2023, 23, 7564. 7, , , , , , Nanomaterials 2025, 15, 459. 8, , , Adv. Funct. Mater.
Erosion Behaviors of Silicon Carbide at Micro-Nano Scales under Atomic Oxygen Exposure
Erosion Behaviors of Silicon Carbide at Micro-Nano Scales under Atomic Oxygen Exposure Reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) methods is employed to investigate the interface evolution and oxidative erosion behavior of silicon carbide (SiC) under extreme atomic oxygen (AO) impact (high energy and flux).
Inhibiting reactive oxygen species production mitigates endoplasmic reticulum damage in florets of developing maize ears under heat stress
Conflict of Interest Statement The authors declare no competing interests. Supporting Information Filename Description tpj70243-sup-0001-Figures.pdfPDF document, 2.9 MB Figure S1. Pictures of the heat stress treatment apparatus and a diagrammatic drawing of the heated wind belts. Figure S2. Diurnal variation in temperature, relative humidity, plant surface temperature (A), CO2 concentration, and soil relative water content (B) under different treatments.
An Adaptive Shared Control Frame and Feedback Rendering in Interactive Robot‐Assisted Surgical Manipulation
In an unstructured environment where real-time human decision is essential, shared control allows collaboration between humans and robotic systems, combining advantages of both. However, existing control methods are challenged with precision loss, inconsistency and interference from unconscious human inputs. An adaptive anisotropic control frame is presented, enabling interaction both operational and tactical levels.
Exploring the causal link between childhood maltreatment and asthma: a Mendelian randomization study
ABSTRACT Background: Prior research indicates a potential connection between childhood maltreatment and asthma. In response, we designed a Mendelian Randomization (MR) study to further investigate this association. Methods: Utilizing the MR approach, we leveraged Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data from the UK Biobank (UKB). Our primary outcome was asthma, analyzed through GWAS datasets termed AsthmaUKB and AsthmaIEU, sourced from two distinct studies.
Enhancing Z‐direction strength of 3D‐printed polylactide by embedding continuous carbon fibers
REFERENCES 1, , , et al. Manufacturing of ceramic cores: from hot injection to 3D printing. J Mater Sci Technol. 2023; 134: 95-105. doi:10.1016/J.JMST.2022.06.033 2, , , et al. Additive manufacturing of a functionally graded high entropy alloy using a hybrid powder-bed wire-based direct energy deposition approach. Addit Manuf. 2023; 63:103424. doi:10.1016/j.addma.2023.103424 3, , , et al. 3D printing of infrared transparent ceramics via material extrusion. Addit Manuf. 2023; 61:103364.
A robust and omnidirectional-sensitive electronic antenna for tactile-induced perception - Nature Communications
Abstract Skin-like planar tactile sensors have achieved adaptive gripping, in-hand manipulation, and human-machine interaction but remain limited in tasks requiring active environmental interaction and robustness against large mechanical perturbations.
V activated electro-epoxidation catalyst in membrane electrode assembly system for the production of propylene oxide - Nature Communications
Abstract Direct electro-epoxidation of propylene (D-EOPO) with a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) system represents a sustainable approach for producing propylene oxide, which can reduce ohmic losses and simplify product separation. To address the challenges of selectivity and activity, we develop an Ag/V catalyst and integrate it into the “liquid-free” MEA reactor for continues D-EOPO.
Stability and Electronic Properties of 2‐D Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks M3(C6Se6)
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description andp202400397-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx2.1 MB Supporting Information References 1, , Nature 2012, 488, 294. 2, , , ChemPhysChem 2000, 1, 162. 3, , , , , Science 2019, 366, aan8285. 4, , Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 4245. 5, Nature 2012, 486, 43. 6, , , ACS Catal. 2012, 2, 1765. 7, , , J. Phys. Chem. C 2015, 119, 11570. 8, , , , , , ACS Catal. 2021, 11, 820. 9, , Nat. Rev. Mater. 2016, 1, 16064. 10, , , , ACS Catal.
Research on Safety Domain Modeling of Low-Voltage Distribution Substations Based on High-Dimensional Safety Region Analysis
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Effect of Eurotium cristatum fermentation on chemical composition and hypoglycemic and sedative activities of Anji Baicha (Camellia sinensis)
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CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description jfds70042-sup-0001-TableS1.docx16.1 KB Table S1 Sensory evaluation of UT and FT. REFERENCES , , , & (2015). Effect of different drying methods on phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of unfermented and fermented teas from Sabah Snake Grass (Clinacanthus nutans Lind.) leaves. International Food Research Journal, 22(2), 661–670. , , , , & (2018).
By Yue Qiu Verified, Xiaolin Liu, Zhiye Huang, Fei Lyu, Xinyu Hu, Shenghua Han, Hao Ren, Anqiang Zhang
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Wiley Online Library
Verified
CRYAB is upregulated and predicts clinical prognosis in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflicts of interest. REFERENCES 1, , , , , , et al. Renal cell carcinoma. Lancet. 2024; 404: 476–491. 2, , , , , . Targeting apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother. 2024; 175:116805. 3, , . Clear cell renal cell carcinoma ontogeny and mechanisms of lethality. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2021; 17: 245–261. 4, , . Navigating the current landscape of non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a review of the literature. Curr Oncol.
Stabilizing Metal Coating on Flexible Devices by Ultrathin Protein Nanofilms
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description adma202412378-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx36.3 MB Supporting Information adma202412378-sup-0002-MovieS1.mp420.9 MB Supplemental Movie 1 adma202412378-sup-0003-MovieS2.mp438.1 MB Supplemental Movie 2 adma202412378-sup-0004-MovieS3.mp437.2 MB Supplemental Movie 3 adma202412378-sup-0005-MovieS4.mp426.6 MB Supplemental Movie 4 References 1, , , , , , , , , , Science 2020, 370, 961.
20.4% Power conversion efficiency from albedo-collecting organic solar cells under 0.2 albedo
Abstract Highly efficient bifacial organic solar cells (OSCs) have not been reported due to limited thickness of the active layer in conventional configurations, not allowing for efficient harvesting of front sunlight and albedo light. Here, bifacial OSCs are reported with efficiency higher than the monofacial counterparts.
Experimental Investigation of Quasi‐Static Compressive Properties of Polymer‐Bonded Explosives (PBX) Based on UV‐Curing 3D Printing
References 1, , , , “An overview of 3-D printing in manufacturing, aerospace, and automotive industries”, IEEE Potentials 35 (2016): 18–22, https://doi.org/10.1109/MPOT.2016.2540098. 2, , , , , “Manufacture of polyurethane foam parts for automotive industry using FDM 3D printed molds”, CIRP. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 32 (2021); 396–404, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2021.01.019.
In Situ Carbon Thermal Reduction to Enrich Sulfur‐Vacancy in Nickel Disulfide Cathode for Efficient Synthesizing Hydrogen Peroxide
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description smll202405683-sup-0001-SuppMat.docx3.4 MB Supporting Information References 1a) , , , Chem. Soc. Rev. 2020, 49, 6605; b) , , , , , , , Science 2009, 323, 1037; c) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Nano Res. 2017, 10, 1163. 2a) , , , Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2006, 45, 6962; b) , , , , , , , , , , , , Science 2016, 351, 965; c) , , , , , , , , , ACS Catal. 2018, 8, 4064. 3a) , , , , Adv. Energy Mater.
Rigidity and Flexibility Dual-Network Polymer Electrolytes with Enhanced Interfacial Interaction and Accelerate Li+ Transfer
Rigidity and Flexibility Dual-Network Polymer Electrolytes with Enhanced Interfacial Interaction and Accelerate Li+ Transfer Composite solid-state electrolytes with high structural strength and toughness are effective means to improve the safety and processability of solid-state batteries. However, due to the poor interface compatibility between polymers and inorganic electrolytes, the efficiency of lithium ion transport is affected.
The PATCH trial: 5% lidocaine‐medicated plaster for trigeminal neuralgia-Results of a multicentric, enriched enrollment, randomized withdrawal, double‐blind, vehicle‐controlled, parallel‐group study - Zhao - Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain - W
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT Chunmei Zhao, Niti Shrestha, Hao Ren, Baohui Zhang, Ying Shen, Lan Meng, Dasheng Wu, Baoguo Wang, Bifa Fan, and Fang Luo declare no conflicts of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description head14814-sup-0001-DataS1.pdfPDF document, 571.1 KB Data S1. head14814-sup-0002-TableS1.docxWord 2007 document , 19.5 KB Table S1. REFERENCES 1 Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS).
Amphiphilic Polymer Electrolyte Blocking Lattice Oxygen Evolution from High‐Voltage Nickel‐rich Cathodes for Ultra‐Thermal Stabile Batteries
Conflict of interests The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors.
Parallel Inversion of 3D Airborne Transient Electromagnetic Data Using an Approximate Jacobi Matrix
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
Stackelberg-Cournot dynamic game and risk management of heterogeneous supply chain enterprises under government carbon emission policy
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper. REFERENCES , , , , & (2013). Lot sizing with carbon emission constraints. European Journal of Operational Research, 227(1), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2012.11.044 , , & (2015). Understanding short-term travel behavior under personal mobility credit allowance scheme using experimental economics. Transport. Res. Part D., 36, 121–137.
Non-fibril Amyloid Aggregation at the Air/Water Interface: Self-adaptive Pathway Resulting in a 2D Janus Nanofilm
Non-fibril Amyloid Aggregation at the Air/Water Interface: Self-adaptive Pathway Resulting in a 2D Janus Nanofilm Amyloid states of proteins are implicated in several neurodegenerative diseases and bioadhesion processes. However, the classical amyloid fibrillization mechanism fails to adequately explain the formation of polymorphic aggregates and their adhesion to various surfaces.
Lead-halide Perovskites Quantum Dots Embedded in Mesoporous Silica as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts Combined with Organocatalysts for Asymmetric Catalysis
Lead-halide Perovskites Quantum Dots Embedded in Mesoporous Silica as Heterogeneous Photocatalysts Combined with Organocatalysts for Asymmetric Catalysis Asymmetric photocatalysis consists of the synergistic effect of photocatalysis and organocatalysis, in which the photoelectrons in photocatalysts catalyze substrates to produce free radical intermediates, and chiral substances can control the stereoscopicity.
Inspiration of Bimetallic Peroxide for Controllable Electrooxidizing Ethylene Glycol Through Modulating Surficial Intermediates
Conflict of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Supporting Information Filename Description adfm202404594-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdf2.4 MB Supporting Information References 1a) , , , , , , Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2000381; b) , , , Coordin. Chem. Rev. 2023, 493, 215274; c) , , , Energy Environ. Sci. 2019, 12, 1751; d) , , , , , , , , Nat. Catal. 2021, 4, 539. 2a) , , , , , Ecotox. Environ. Safe. 2023, 258, 114994; b) , , , Nat. Rev. Mater. 2020, 5, 584; c) , , , , Chem. Catal. 2021, 1, 941.
Effect of Deashing Treatment on Ash Fusion Characteristics of Biochar from Bamboo Shoot Shells
All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.
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