1 INTRODUCTION The protective skin is the largest mammalian organ, with physical, sensory, immunological, and thermoregulatory functions. Hair follicle microstructure varies little between seal species (Bergersen, 1931; Ling, 1968, 2018; Montagna & Harrison, 1957; Sokolov, 1960, 1962; Troll-Obergfell, 1930), but differences in the seasonal proliferative and secretory activity or quiescence of hair follicles and associated skin glands may affect the structure depending on sampling timing.