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Articles by Igor Zanetti
What Marcus Aurelius Told Himself Every Morning to Survive Rome
Before dawn on the freezing Danube frontier, Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius lit an oil lamp and opened his private journal. Surrounded by the horrors of war, he forced himself to control himself while confronting an uncontrollable world. The emperor engaged in a morning routine of self-discipline and reflection underpinned by the principles of Stoic philosophy.
What Marcus Aurelius Told Himself Every Morning to Survive Rome
14 hours ago ‘I became a parent and had a really difficult journey getting there,’ says British painter Ellis King, who is examining the quiet spaces where unresolved trauma lives in her debut exhibition at London’s SQFT: Space Gallery. It makes sense that King turned inwards when creating her paintings, which …
5 Films Every Philosophy Lover Must See
Philosophy and art walk hand in hand. They both evoke thoughts and spark dialogues. Every form of art can be thought-provoking, and plenty of philosophers from every era have fostered an intimate relationship with the arts. Movies are no exception. This article explores five films that might be called philosophical, in the sense that they draw an accurate representation of relevant subjects that have been approached by philosophy.
What Made Greek Philosophers So Unique?
Greek philosophers stand out in history because they were the first to seek knowledge not through myth or tradition, but through reason, observation, and dialogue. Unlike earlier cultures that explained the world mainly through gods and legends, the Greeks looked for rational principles behind nature, human life, and society. This shift marked the birth of philosophy, where questions about existence, morality, and knowledge became central.
The Evolution of Philosophy From the Middle Ages to Modernity
The transition from the Middle Ages to Modernity marks one of the most significant transformations in the history of philosophy. Often dismissed as intellectually stagnant, medieval philosophy was in fact a rich and complex tradition that shaped later debates about reason, faith, knowledge, and reality. As political, scientific, and cultural conditions changed, philosophical inquiry gradually shifted away from theological frameworks toward a new emphasis on human reason and experience.
How Stoicism Can Help You Deal With Everyday Problems
Everyday life brings a variety of challenges: illness, stress, uncertainty, and the constant struggle to stay focused and motivated. Stoicism, an ancient philosophy that emerged in Greece and later flourished in Rome, has experienced a resurgence in popularity, offering practical guidance on facing these difficulties with strength and clarity. Instead of trying to control everything around us, Stoicism teaches us to manage our thoughts, actions, and emotional responses.
Ancient Greek Philosophy Guide: Key Thinkers, Schools, and Ideas
Ancient Philosophy marks the beginning of systematic human reflection on reality, knowledge, ethics, and the meaning of life. Emerging in the ancient Greek and Roman world, it introduced fundamental questions that continue to shape philosophical inquiry today. Thinkers such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics sought to understand nature, virtue, reason, and the good life through careful argument rather than myth or tradition.
10 Most Important Modern Philosophers Everyone Should Know
The Modern Age represents one of the most radical turning points in the history of human thought. Between the 17th and 19th centuries, traditional authorities were questioned, scientific reasoning gained prominence, and the individual emerged as a central subject of philosophical inquiry. Thinkers of this period reshaped humanity’s understanding of knowledge, reality, politics, morality, and the self.
10 Most Important Modern Philosophers Everyone Should Know
Now Radiocarbon dating of ancient scripts suggests a groundbreaking origin story. Here’s what you’ll learn when you read this story: For decades, archaeologists have debated whether the writing system of Rapa Nui (Easter Island), known as Rongorongo, was invented independently or influenced by …
6 Exercises to Practice Stoicism in a Stressful World
In a world defined by constant pressure, uncertainty, and distraction, finding inner calm can feel increasingly difficult. Stoicism, an ancient philosophical school developed during the Hellenistic Period, offers practical guidance for navigating stress without denying reality or suppressing emotion. Rather than promising escape from hardship, Stoicism teaches how to respond to challenges with clarity, self-control, and resilience.
6 Exercises to Practice Stoicism in a Stressful World
14 hours ago I pay close attention to parenting advice that makes sense I cared about this because I had just become a parent for the first time, and I was on a tear to find as much research-based advice as possible about how not to mess up my child’s life. Later, when my wife and I were ready to leave our city …
Why You Have Probably Misunderstood Nietzsche’s Philosophy
Friedrich Nietzsche remains one of the most influential, yet often misunderstood, philosophers of modern times. His radical ideas on morality, culture, and meaning challenged the foundations of Western thought, but many of his core messages have been distorted or oversimplified in popular media and culture. Often reduced to provocative phrases like “God is dead” or mischaracterized as endorsing nihilism and even authoritarianism, Nietzsche’s philosophy is far richer and more nuanced.
Why You Have Probably Misunderstood Nietzsche’s Philosophy
When we experience FOMO, what are we really afraid of? | Psyche Ideas You and your friends are out for dinner at an Italian restaurant, and the waiter lists a few specials for you to choose from. You decide on the …
Here’s How to Become Nietzsche’s Übermensch
Friedrich Nietzsche’s philosophy continues to provoke and inspire readers more than a century after his death. At the heart of his thought lies one of his most powerful ideas: the Übermensch. Nietzsche presents this figure most vividly in Thus Spoke Zarathustra, where Zarathustra calls humanity to overcome itself, to reject complacency, and to embrace the creative responsibility of giving meaning to existence.
The Ancient Yet Relevant Morning Routine of Emperor Marcus Aurelius
A morning routine is more than a set of tasks; it is a foundation for how we engage with the day ahead, our lives, and the world as a whole. Few historical figures embodied this idea as clearly as Marcus Aurelius, the Roman emperor and philosopher. Known today for his work Meditations, Marcus Aurelius practiced Stoicism, a philosophy centered on self-control through virtue, and acceptance of what we cannot change.
What Can We Learn From Aristotle's Concept of Virtue? | TheCollector
The pursuit of virtue is a difficult one, and doing so in a misguided manner has led to many issues both for individuals and for mankind collectively, and it continues to do so in modern times. When we discuss problems arising from the pursuit of virtue, our minds immediately think of extremism, radicalism, and fanaticism. However, Aristotle’s concept of virtue goes completely against all of these standpoints, arguing that true virtue can only derive from balance.
How to Improve Yourself Following Plato’s Teachings
Human beings are permanently changeable and ever-evolving creatures, or at least we should try to be as such. We achieve the best results whenever we look at ourselves through critical lenses, identifying what and how we could do better. Therefore, the only way for us to reach our full potential is through self-improvement, and, in that matter, there is a lot to be learned from Plato. In the most prominent works of Platonism, we can find clear guidelines on how to pursue happiness and success.
Why Victorian Readers Traded Ghosts for Grit
Today, it is hardly revolutionary to suggest that novels can be about the ordinary lives of ordinary people. But in the early 19th century, so-called Victorian realism developed out of a tradition of storytelling that had focused on elevated characters—kings, queens, noblemen, knights—and fantastic, improbable events.
How 5 Great Thinkers Found Meaning Through Physical Exercise
Nowadays, physical exercise seems more popular than ever. Yet this focus on health and fitness is nothing new. From the ancient Greek Olympic Games to modern gyms, people have long connected the body with discipline, competition, and self-improvement. Even philosophers have weighed in on the subject.
5 Must-Know Minds of Greek Philosophy
Mankind has always asked questions about the world, existence, life and death. However, it was in Ancient Greece that the systematic and rational approach to knowledge known as philosophy was born. What was, up until that point in history, mixed with myths and superstitions, now leaned towards reasoning, dialogue and natural science. Ancient Greek philosophy has no shortage of brilliant minds, but we will be taking a closer look at five who are among the most influential of all time.
Nanofabrication via SEM Electron‐beam Stimulated Suzuki‐Miyura Type Reaction: Fingerprints of Carbazole Derivative Revealed by Synchrotron‐IR Nanospectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry
Supporting Information As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors.
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