1 Introduction With the advancement of cerebrovascular imaging techniques and the deepening understanding of cerebrovascular pathology, the concept of moyamoya vasculopathy (MMV) has gradually emerged in our field of vision, which encompasses the characteristic vascular abnormalities of progressive chronic stenosis or occlusion at the circle of Willis accompanied by moyamoya collateral vessel formation, irrespective of whether it occurs as moyamoya disease (MMD) or moyamoya syndrome (MMS)...
