Abstract Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) remains a major complication in very preterm infants (VPIs), and static clinical models may not capture evolving neonatal lung injury. We assessed whether a stage-based model using serial lung ultrasound (LUS) could improve early BPD prediction. Methods: In this retrospective single-center cohort, VPIs born at <32 weeks' gestation between January 2021 and December 2022 underwent LUS on postnatal days 7, 14, 21, and 28.
