1 INTRODUCTION Trauma is a worldwide public health issue that results in a huge social and economic burden and 5.7 million annual deaths globally (Muñiz et al., 2017). Ninety percentage of the global trauma burden occurs in low- and middle-income countries, according to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2015). Specifically, the mortality caused by trauma is approximately 37.63/100,000 in urban areas and 53.49/100,000 in rural areas in China (Chen et al., 2017).
