Abstract As a critical tumor suppressor gene, mutations in p53 often contribute to the initiation and progression of cancer. Anti-p53 autoantibody (p53-AAb), produced by the immune system in response to mutated p53 protein, can be detected in the blood during early stages of tumor development. As a non-invasive biomarker, p53-AAb demonstrates potential for early screening, auxiliary diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, and treatment monitoring across various cancer types.
