1. Introduction Localized prostate cancer has a highly variable natural history. This leads to significant clinical uncertainty regarding appropriate management for patients with newly diagnosed low-risk disease, with options ranging from radical intervention to surveillance with the potential for deferred treatment [1x[1]Mohler, J.L., Antonarakis, E.S., Armstrong, A.J. et al. Prostate Cancer V2.2017. National Comprehensive Cancer Network clinical practice guidelines in oncology.