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1. Introduction Click to copy section linkSection link copied! The first general account of molluscan shell microstructures was provided by Bøggild. (1) Despite relying on optical microscopy, his work revealed the wide array of microstructures produced by molluscs. This repertoire expanded further with the advent of electron microscopy techniques, (2−5) reaching at least twelve basic microstructural types composed of either calcite or aragonite.
Abstract We demonstrate that nature has produced a close-packed helical twisted filamentous material in the biomineralization of the mollusk. In liquid crystals, twist–bend nematics have been predicted and observed. We present and analyze evidence that the helical biomineral microstructure of mollusk shells may be formed from such a liquid-crystal precursor.
Abstract Two different methods of rapid manufacturing—electron beam additive manufacturing (EBAM) and laser-engineered net shaping (LENS)—were used in order to fabricate NiTi elements. Microstructure and martensitic transformation temperatures of initial materials in the form of wire or spherical powder were established.
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