CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. REFERENCES 1, , , , . Review of emerging nanotechnology in bone regeneration: progress, challenges, and perspectives. Nanoscale. 2021; 13: 10266-10280. 2, , , , . Treatment of critical-sized bone defects: clinical and tissue engineering perspectives. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2018; 28: 351-362. 3, , , et al. Nanomaterials in bone regeneration. Appl Sci. 2022; 12: 6793. 4, , .