We explored the factors influencing glymphatic system in moyamoya disease using the diffusion tensor imaging analysis along with the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS). The DTI-ALPS was associated with Suzuki stage, periventricular anastomose, enlarged perivascular spaces, white matter hyperintensities, hemorrhage, and cerebral blood flow in moyamoya disease. Additionally, the glymphatic system activity may affect cognitive function and postoperative collateral formation.