More than 30 000 electron and ion accelerator facilities are operated worldwide for a wide variety of applications.11. S. Witman, “Ten things you might not know about particle accelerators,” in Symmetry Magazine (Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, 2014), Vol. 21. Well-known examples include linear accelerators, cyclotrons, and synchrotrons for fundamental physics research or for applications such as radiotherapy for the treatment of tumors.2–52. M. G. Pullia, “Synchrotrons for hadrontherapy,” Rev.
