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Articles by Mark Maraun
Greater trophic diversity of soil animal communities under agricultural land use and tropical climate
Abstract Soil fauna contributes to a wide range of ecosystem functions via their trophic activities. Here we investigate how trophic diversity of soil animals varies across functional groups and major biomes. We use stable isotope analysis (13C/12C and 15N/14N ratios) of 17,306 samples of 28 high-rank taxa from 456 sites across 19 countries to inspect the variability in trophic diversity across climate regions and land-use types.
Biogeography of oribatid mites (Acari) reflects their ancient origin and points to Southeast Asia as centre of radiation
1 INTRODUCTION The study of biogeography aims at investigating the patterns and reasons for the diversity and distribution of plants and animals (Wallace, 1876). It separates factors that are responsible for the recent distribution of organisms such as niche differentiation, dispersal and geographic history (i.e., plate tectonics, vicariance).
Niche dimensions in soil oribatid mite community assembly under native and introduced tree species
1 INTRODUCTION Forests in Central Europe have been managed for centuries, altering the diversity of flora and fauna (Erdmann et al., 2012; Seibold et al., 2019). Climate change and extreme weather events are likely to increase in the future. It is therefore essential to increase the resistance and resilience of forests to disturbances in order to maintain ecosystem functions and services. One-third of Germany is covered by forests, most of which are monocultures.
Tree islands enhance biodiversity and functioning in oil palm landscapes - Nature
Abstract In the United Nations Decade on Ecosystem Restoration1, large knowledge gaps persist on how to increase biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in cash crop-dominated tropical landscapes2. Here, we present findings from a large-scale, 5-year ecosystem restoration experiment in an oil palm landscape enriched with 52 tree islands, encompassing assessments of ten indicators of biodiversity and 19 indicators of ecosystem functioning.
Seasonal dynamics and changing sea level as determinants of the community and trophic structure of oribatid mites in a salt marsh of the Wadden Sea
Global change processes affect seasonal dynamics of salt marshes and thereby their plant and animal communities. However, these changes have been little investigated for microarthropod communities. We studied the effect of seasonality and changes in sea level on oribatid mites in the natural salt marsh and on artificial islands in the back-barrier environment of the island Spiekeroog (Wadden Sea, Germany).
The structure of salt marsh soil mesofauna food webs - The prevalence of disturbance
Declining diversity of mesofauna in salt marsh zones closer to the sea is in line with the “Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis” stating that species diversity is maximized when ecological disturbance is neither too rare nor too frequent [ 72 ]. Terrestrial species not well adapted to abiotic disturbances are likely to be excluded from the semi-marine lower salt marsh zones resulting in lower species density and diversity.
No accumulation of transposable elements in asexual arthropods
Transposable elements (TEs) and other repetitive DNA can accumulate in the absence of recombination, a process contributing to the degeneration of Y-chromosomes and other non-recombining genome portions. A similar accumulation of repetitive DNA is expected for asexually reproducing species, given their entire genome is effectively non-recombining.
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