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Articles by Martin Opetnik
HBEFA 5.1 – Correction factors, non-regulated pollutants and Euro 7: Elements for the development of the Handbook of Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA), Version 5.1
This report describes the work done for three of the main work packages for the Handbook of Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA) version 5.1. The first part explains the deterioration functions related to increasing vehicle mileage for passenger cars, light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles. The add-on emissions due to deterioration can reach significant levels until the end of vehicle life. They can be even higher than the emission limits themselves in some specific cases.
HBEFA 5.1 Documentation of updates
For HBEFA 5.1, a "major" update, all emission factors and activity data were updated. Furthermore, special focus was placed on cold starts (cold start additional emissions for SNF and battery electric vehicles are included for the first time), emissions from abrasion and resuspension (detailed factors by process, sub-segment, and traffic situation), non-regulated pollutants, as well as SCR manipulations and malfunctions.
The Impact of Vehicle Technology, Size Class, and Driving Style on the GHG and Pollutant Emissions of Passenger Cars
1. Introduction In Europe, traffic and transport have a major impact on air quality, especially passenger cars and commercial vehicles. The amendment to the German Climate Protection Act, which came into force on 31 August 2021, tightens the existing climate targets and stipulates the goal of greenhouse gas neutrality by 2045 [1]. By 2030, total carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are to be reduced by 65% compared with the 1990 levels, and by almost 50% in the transport sector.
Sustainability | Free Full-Text | Greenhouse Gas Emissions Performance of Electric, Hydrogen and Fossil-Fuelled Freight Trucks with Uncertainty Estimates Using a Probabilistic Life-Cycle Assessment (pLCA)
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