Abstract Uterine Leiomyoma are the most common benign tumors in women of reproductive age. Studies show that both leiomyoma and adjacent myometrium exist in a state of high oxidative stress, characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and impaired antioxidant defenses including defects of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Oxidative stress has been linked to leiomyoma initiation by promoting oxidative DNA damage leading to mutations in MED12 and leiomyoma growth.