Optica

A numerical study is presented on the interaction of the Kerr nonlinearity and stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in high-energy, high-peak-power, and narrow-linewidth pulsed Yb-doped fiber amplifiers. Numerical simulations demonstrate that for high-power nanosecond pulses, a strong Kerr-induced nonlinear phase shift generates a frequency sweep that exceeds the Brillouin gain bandwidth, thereby diminishing the SBS gain.

Imaging through multimode fibers (MMFs) is fundamentally constrained by the complexity of spatial information reconstruction, where conventional digital algorithms encounter significant bottlenecks in power consumption and computational latency. We propose an end-to-end differentiable numerical computing framework based on simulated multi-plane light conversion (MPLC), aiming to mitigate macroscopic diffraction artifacts.

A high-linearity miniaturized dispersive objective for chromatic confocal pressure sensing is designed. A refractive–diffractive hybrid structure based on a binary optical element is employed to achieve both a large axial dispersion range and high linearity. The system is optimized in ZEMAX using a multi-configuration strategy with compensation lenses for nonlinear dispersion correction.

We present quasistationary ring-shaped soliton necklaces in a two-component envelope propagating in a medium with competing cubic-quintic nonlinearity. Metastable propagation of soliton necklaces results from a balance of repulsion between adjacent out-of-phase solitons in one component and confinement by the boundary of a flattop region in the other.

We report a dual-wavelength pumped narrow-linewidth Er/Yb co-doped fiber (EYDF) amplifier with a record output power of 721 W at 1568 nm. The main amplifier was pumped by 1018 nm and 1535 nm fiber lasers. At the maximum output power, the 3-dB linewidth was 107 pm, and the optical efficiency was 30.2%. No slope-efficiency roll-off was observed at the highest power level, indicating that further power scaling is feasible.

Computer-generated holography (CGH) for high-resolution displays faces a critical trade-off: direct processing of high-resolution (HR) inputs achieves good fidelity but incurs a heavy computational burden, while low-resolution (LR) input methods suffer from insufficient amplitude information. We propose LiftHolo, a lightweight deep learning framework that performs amplitude super-resolution on LR inputs to guide complex-domain phase estimation.

Dielectric metasurfaces are promising candidates for high-performance optical systems. Unlike traditional Bayer color filters, metasurface-based spectral routers direct light of different wavelengths to designated pixels, significantly improving energy utilization. We demonstrate a four-channel (RGB–NIR) metasurface router integrating visible and near-infrared spectra.

We report a six-mirror X-fold Kerr-lens mode-locked (KLM) titanium:sapphire (Ti:sapphire) femtosecond laser operating at a repetition rate of approximately 100 MHz. By varying the long-to-short arm-length ratio, the dominant output spectral peak of the laser is tuned across approximately 723–783 nm.

Underwater geolocalization is challenging due to electromagnetic attenuation and limited visibility. We propose an attention-enhanced dual-focal-length polarization imaging method for underwater geolocalization, in which synchronized 25 mm wide-FoV and 50 mm narrow-FoV cameras are used to capture complementary polarization patterns.

The upscaling of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) source power for next-generation lithography demands higher conversion efficiency (CE) at reduced per-pulse energies. We demonstrate a 40% EUV CE enhancement by simultaneous dual-beam irradiation of a planar Sn target with a 2090-nm, 20-ns Ho:YAG laser.