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Abstract We describe an algorithm that identifies a subnetwork of brain regions involved in producing a task-specific behavior, here visuomotor behavior, from an anatomically defined primate brain connectome. The algorithm first finds the brain regions connected to an output region (here, primary motor cortex, M1) by one connection. It then identifies all regions, termed layer 2 regions, connected to these layer 1 regions by one connection.
Introduction Currently, population aging is becoming a major social issue to almost all countries over the world. There are many public health concerns associated with population aging, and dementia is among the most significant ones. According to the World Health Organization estimation, about 50 million elderly people are suffering from dementia.
Abstract Human exploration of deep space will involve missions of substantial distance and duration. To effectively mitigate health hazards, paradigm shifts in astronaut health systems are necessary to enable Earth-independent healthcare, rather than Earth-reliant. Here we present a summary of decadal recommendations from a workshop organized by NASA on artificial intelligence, machine learning and modelling applications that offer key solutions toward these space health challenges.
Abstract Space biology research aims to understand fundamental spaceflight effects on organisms, develop foundational knowledge to support deep space exploration and, ultimately, bioengineer spacecraft and habitats to stabilize the ecosystem of plants, crops, microbes, animals and humans for sustained multi-planetary life. To advance these aims, the field leverages experiments, platforms, data and model organisms from both spaceborne and ground-analogue studies.
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