Background: Although preoperative biliary drainage with transpapillary stent is effective, it is associated with significant morbidity and an adverse event (AE) rate of up to 26%.Despite the advantages of PBD, complications after biliary drainage using SEMS affect the possibility of pancreatic surgery. To overcome this, an electrocautery-enhanced lumen-apposing metal stent (ECE-LAMS) delivery system has been developed to facilitate biliary drainage in a single procedural step.
