Uterine fibroids are often found in women of reproductive age. Different types of fibroids may affect reproductive outcome to a different extent, with submucous, intramural and subserosal fibroids being (in decreasing order of importance) a cause of infertility and pregnancy wastage. Fibroids may also produce a number of complications during pregnancy. Women who are scheduled for assisted conception should be advised to have submucous and possibly intramural fibroids removed prior to IVF.