1 Introduction Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), including intrahepatic CCA (iCCA), perihilar CCA (pCCA), and distal CCA (dCCA), is characterized as a low-incidence malignancy, but has a poor prognosis, with a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of less than 20%. The incidence of iCCA is gradually increasing, and most cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage (1). In recent years, with the development of comprehensive genomic profiling, biomarker-guided treatment for CCA has increased.
