Abstract <p>The prevalence of kidney impairment is associated with the consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) and obesity via the dysregulation of various biological processes. Thymoquinone (TQ) is an active component of black cumin with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The present study examined the ability of TQ to mitigate kidney injury and assessed the interconnected biological mechanisms that improve kidney function and structure. Adult male rats were fed a HFD for 12 weeks.