1. Introduction The snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis, Regan 1910; Anabantoidei: Osphronemidae) is one of the most common air-breathing freshwater fishes in the Indo-China Peninsula (1, 2). It is one of the five most significant freshwater species farmed in Thailand (FAO, 2021; DoF Thailand, 2018). However, the rising prevalence of parasitic infections is one of the main challenges to cultivating T. pectoralis. In the past, it has been reported that infections caused by Clinostomum spp.