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1 INTRODUCTION Bacterial genomes, although stable, are remarkably dynamic on an evolutionary timescale. This genetic diversity can be achieved by chromosomal DNA mutations, genome rearrangements or by the acquisition of exogenous DNA sequences in a process designated horizontal gene transfer (HGT) (Darmon & Leach, 2014). The main drivers of HGT are the mobile genetic elements (MGEs), DNA segments that catalyze their own movement within and between genomes.
Research Article | Ecological and Evolutionary Science Pedro Dorado-Morales, M. Pilar Garcillán-Barcia, Iñigo Lasa, Cristina Solano Tarek Msadek, Editor DOI: 10.1128/mBio.03094-20 ABSTRACT Plasmids have largely contributed to the spread of antimicrobial resistance genes among Staphylococcus strains. Knowledge about the fitness cost that plasmids confer on clinical staphylococcal isolates and the coevolutionary dynamics that drive plasmid maintenance is still scarce.
Sampling was performed during the summer solstice of 2013 and 2014. Sampling consisted of a simple harvesting procedure, by pouring sterile PBS (sodium phosphate buffer) on the panel and immediately harvesting the liquid by strongly and repeatedly scraping the surface with a modified window cleaner with an autoclaved silicone tube measuring 5 mm in diameter.
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