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Articles by Ruby Scanlon
CNAS Insights | U.S.-China AI Agreements Need Verification, Not Trust
The upcoming Trump-Xi summit is likely to disappoint the leaders of top AI labs that have recently called for urgent, coordinated pacing of frontier AI progress. While agreement to cooperate on some narrow domains of AI risk might be achievable, neither the United States nor China appears prepared to pursue an ambitious AI safety agreement. Trust between Washington and Beijing is low, and this seems unlikely to change anytime soon.
Temperature Influences Pseudocapillaria tomentosa Infections in Zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton 1822)
Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest. Data Availability Statement Data pertaining to this manuscript can be obtained at: https://github.com/ConnorLeong/Data-Repository-for-the-effects-of-temperature-on-P.-tomentosa-development. References 2000. Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates Their Development and Transmission. Vol. 2. CAB International. , , , et al. 2013.
CNAS Insights | Washington Can’t Afford to Ignore AI’s Warning Shot
On July 21, OpenAI disclosed the first publicly known incident of AI models escaping their isolated testing environment, gaining unauthorized internet access and hacking into another company’s systems. No human directed this intrusion. The models did all this just to cheat on a cybersecurity test. Although the attack was detected and remediated, it marks a shift from theory to reality: Frontier AI systems can take consequential, harmful actions in the world against their operators’ intent.
Anthony Vinci on Turning Uncertainty Into Decisions With AI Forecasting
Anthony Vinci, CEO of Vico, joins the podcast to explain how AI-powered forecasting can quantify uncertainty and help people make better decisions. Drawing from his background in intelligence and investing, he shares how predicting probabilities—not certainties—can shape everything from global policy to everyday life choices. Listen to the full interview on Grit Daily Startup Show.
CNAS Insights | Trump Should Talk to Xi About Military AI
When President Donald Trump goes to China to meet with General Secretary Xi Jinping next month, the leaders of the world’s two superpowers will have much to discuss, with trade and the Middle East taking top billing.
The Political Limits of China’s AI Diffusion Ambitions
Editor’s Note: Artificial intelligence (AI) is shaking up China’s economy, just as it is raising many questions in the United States about the future of work and the employment market, among other issues. Ruby Scanlon of the Center for a New American Security, however, argues that China’s concerns about employment stability limit rapid AI adoption. Beijing is wrestling with how to use AI for maximum efficiency while avoiding a major increase in the already-high unemployment rate.
The Political Limits of China’s AI Diffusion Ambitions
This article was originally published in Lawfare. When a Beijing-based company replaced an employee, identified as Liu, with an automated system, it likely expected China’s courts to side with its decision. After all, the government’s AI Plus initiative targets 70 percent AI adoption across key sectors by 2027 and 90 percent by 2030. Instead, the court sided with Liu. Beijing’s drive to diffuse AI will increasingly run up against its commitment to employment stability and fear of collective action.
What to Expect from Military AI in 2030
As the US military races to harness artificial intelligence, experts say the biggest AI breakthroughs may not come from “killer robots” or autonomous war machines, but from algorithms quietly transforming logistics, intelligence and decision-making behind the scenes.
To Compete with China on Military AI, U.S. Should Set the Standards
This article was originally published in Breaking Defense. The United States and China are locked in a contest to not only lead in AI, but to shape the global landscape for its development and use. The Trump administration has declared it wants America to “solidify our position as the global leader in AI” and in July released an AI Action Plan to implement that vision.
Countering the Digital Silk Road
Executive Summary The year 2025 marks the 10th anniversary of the Digital Silk Road (DSR), China’s effort to strengthen its global ties and influence through technology. In the decade since the initiative’s launch, technology has moved to the center of emerging market priorities, China’s domestic and foreign policy, and the U.S.-China competition.
How the U.S. Can Counter China's Digital Silk Road in Saudi Arabia
Washington, September 16, 2025 – Today, the Center for a New American Security (CNAS) released a new report, Countering the Digital Silk Road: Saudi Arabia by Vivek Chilukuri and Ruby Scanlon. The Digital Silk Road (DSR) is China’s initiative to shape critical digital infrastructure around the world.
Countering the Digital Silk Road: Saudi Arabia
Project Overview The year 2025 marks the 10th anniversary of the Digital Silk Road (DSR), China’s ambitious initiative to shape critical digital infrastructure around the world to advance its geopolitical interests and technology leadership. A decade after its launch, digital infrastructure and emerging technologies have only grown more vital and contested as demand for connectivity, digital services, and emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) expand.
Countering the Digital Silk Road: Kenya
Project Overview This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Digital Silk Road (DSR), China’s ambitious initiative to shape critical digital infrastructure around the world to advance its geopolitical interests and technology leadership. A decade after its launch, digital infrastructure and emerging technologies have only grown more vital and contested as demand for connectivity, digital services, and emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) expand.
Countering the Digital Silk Road: Indonesia
Project Overview This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Digital Silk Road (DSR), China’s ambitious initiative to shape critical digital infrastructure around the world to advance its geopolitical interests and technology leadership. A decade after its launch, digital infrastructure and emerging technologies have only grown more vital and contested as demand for connectivity, digital services, and emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) expand.
How Secure Is America’s AI Advantage?
AI is everywhere. It is the most mentioned term in corporate earnings reports, a driving force behind market shifts, and, most importantly, the technology most shaping the future of warfare and global security. The U.S. now faces challenges to its AI dominance as rivals – notably China – scramble to develop advanced AI-driven military capabilities.
The Development of an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Action Plan
The Center for a New American Security (CNAS) welcomes the opportunity to provide input on priority policy actions for the Trump administration’s new AI Action Plan. CNAS is an independent, bipartisan organization dedicated to developing bold, pragmatic, and principled national security solutions.
The United States Must Avoid AI’s Chernobyl Moment
In January, U.S President Donald Trump tasked his advisors to develop by July 2025 an AI Action Plan, a roadmap intended to “sustain and enhance America’s AI dominance.” This call to action mirrors the early days of nuclear energy — a transformative technology with world-changing potential but also grave risks.
Lawfare Daily: Tim Fist and Arnab Datta on the Race to Build AI Infrastructure in America
March 04, 2025 Tim Fist, senior adjunct fellow with the Technology and National Security Program at the Center for New American Security, and Arnab Datta, Director of Infrastructure Policy at IFP and Managing Director of Policy Implementation at Employ America, join Kevin Frazier, a Contributing Editor at Lawfare and adjunct professor at Delaware Law, to dive into the weeds of their thorough report on building America’s AI infrastructure.
Expect Trump Administration to Come Down Hard on Chip Exports, Says Chinatalk’s Jordan Schneider
Jordan Schneider, an adjunct fellow at the Center for a New American Security (CNAS) and MCC Global’s Michelle Caruso-Cabrera, join ‘Power Lunch’ to discuss the chips trade and Nvidia’s stock dip. Watch the full interview on CNBC. Video February 26, 2025 International Governance of AI Ruby Scanlon, research assistant for the Technology and National Security Program at the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), partook in a panel which discussed the comp...
International Governance of AI
February 26, 2025 Ruby Scanlon, research assistant for the Technology and National Security Program at the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), partook in a panel which discussed the complex interplay between geopolitics and the international governance of AI, emphasizing how national strategic interests and power dynamics — particularly between technologically advanced nations like the US and China — overshadow regulatory considerations.
Beyond DeepSeek: How China’s AI Ecosystem Fuels Breakthroughs
Editor’s Note: The DeepSeek breakthrough shook U.S. confidence in its AI leadership as well as U.S. markets. Center for a New American Security’s Ruby Scanlon argues that the DeepSeek breakthrough is not simply the case of one company unexpectedly excelling. Rather, it reflects China’s deep investment in AI and successful effort to combine government support and private incentives. Daniel Byman *** In mid-January, leading U.S. artificial intelligence (AI) companies were sent reeling.
Beyond DeepSeek: How China’s AI Ecosystem Fuels Breakthroughs
In mid-January, leading U.S. artificial intelligence (AI) companies were sent reeling. DeepSeek, a Chinese AI company, unveiled its R1 model, a new chatbot of comparable quality to OpenAI’s GPT-4. While many analysts rushed to scrutinize DeepSeek’s technical capabilities, a more fundamental question loomed: How did a Chinese lab achieve such an impressive feat?
Averting AI Armageddon
U.S.-China-Russia Rivalry at the Nexus of Nuclear Weapons and Artificial Intelligence Executive Summary In recent years, the previous bipolar nuclear order led by the United States and Russia has given way to a more volatile tripolar one, as China has quantitatively and qualitatively built up its nuclear arsenal. At the same time, there have been significant breakthroughs in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including for military applications.
France Pursues an AI “Third Way”
In 2021, France spearheaded efforts to establish “cloud sovereignty,” which eventually mandated stringent security and ownership restrictions on specific data centers owned by foreign companies in France. Since then – but especially since the public launch of Open Ai ChatGPT – France and the EU have attempted to enhance European AI capabilities through model development and compute infrastructure.
How China’s Antitrust Tactics Undermine U.S. Tech Leadership
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How China’s Antitrust Tactics Undermine U.S. Tech Leadership
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