ADS analytical spectral devices CEC cation exchange capacity FT-NIR Fourier-transform near-infrared IC inorganic carbon k number of neighbors KNN k-nearest neighbors KSSL Kellogg Soil Survey Laboratory LHS Latin hypercube sampling MBL memory-based learning MIR mid-infrared NIR near-infrared OC organic carbon PCA principal component analysis PLSR partial least squares regression RMSE root mean squared error SG Savitzky–Golay TN total nitrogen Vis-NIR visible and near-infrared 1 INTRODUCTION As...