Introduction Pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) monitoring is non-invasive, continuous, real-time, and easy to perform, and is widely used in anesthesia, emergency medicine, intensive care, perioperative monitoring, chronic respiratory disease management, and monitoring in hypoxemic environments.1 SpO2 is essentially a non-invasive estimate of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), and its clinical value depends on its accuracy and stability across different oxygen saturation ranges.
