1. Introduction Epidemiological studies have found that by 2050, the number of people aged 65 and older will exceed 1.5 billion worldwide, accounting for 16% of the global population (1). Cardiac aging and related diseases will increase burden society. Cardiac aging leads to heart failure, and furthermore, aging leads to a declined ability of cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes to replicate DNA, which in turn causes dysregulation of cellular life processes (2).
